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Psychological Assessment > Depa Reviewer (Midterm Exam) > Flashcards

Depa Reviewer (Midterm Exam) Flashcards

1
Q

Two common ways to score assessments are:

A. Criterion-referenced and obvious-referenced.
B. Norm-referenced and non-norm referenced.
C. Psychologically and physically referenced.
D. Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced.

A

B. Norm-referenced and non-norm referenced.

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2
Q

If a data set has a standard deviation of 0, what can be concluded?

A. All values are different from each other.
B. All values are the same.
C. The mean is irrelevant
D. The data has a normal distribution.

A

B. All values are the same.

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3
Q

Liam is undergoing an assessment where his psychologist evaluates his learning difficulties. After identifying the problem areas, they work together on specific intervention strategies. After a period of intervention, Liam is re-evaluated to measure the progress and refine the strategies as needed. What type of assessment is being used with Liam?

A. Dynamic Assessment
B. Therapeutic Psychological Assessment
C. Remote Assessment
D. Collaborative Psychological Assessment

A

A. Dynamic Assessment

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4
Q

All students applying to a bachelor’s degree program in nursing must pass a final examination at the end of their sophomore year. Anyone who scores at least 80% on the exam will be considered for acceptance into the final two years of the program. The test is difficult and is written to identify the most academically prepared students. This type of exam would be considered an example of:

A. A discriminator exam
B. A bell curve referenced test.
C. A norm-referenced test.
D. A criterion-referenced test.

A

D. A criterion-referenced test.

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5
Q

Which of the following best describes the relationship between test-related behavior and non-test-related behavior?

A. They are completely unrelated.
B. Test-related behavior is a reliable predictor of non-test-related behavior.
C. Non-test-related behavior has no influence on test performance.
D. Test-related behavior is influenced only by external factors.

A

B. Test-related behavior is a reliable predictor of non-test-related behavior.

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6
Q

Who collaborated with Alfred Binet to suggest that mental tests could be used to measure higher mental processes?

A. James McKeen Cattell
B. Victor Henri
C. Francis Galton
D. Charles Spearman

A

B. Victor Henri

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7
Q

What does the Kuder-Richardson technique (KR-20 Formula) assess?

A. Internal consistency of a test
B. Test-retest reliability
C. The mean score of a data set
D. The predictive validity of a test

A

A. Internal consistency of a test

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8
Q

If Lucy measures the variability of her test scores and finds the standard deviation to be high, what does this imply?

A. The scores are close to the mean.
B. The scores are spread out over a wider range.
C. The scores are identical.
D. The mean is irrelevant.

A

B. The scores are spread out over a wider range.

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9
Q

Who developed the concept of test reliability?

A. Francis Galton
B. James McKeen Cattell
C. Charles Spearman
D. Victor Henri

A

C. Charles Spearman

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10
Q

If a t-score has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, what would be the t-score for a raw score of 70?

A. 40
B. 50
C. 60
D. 70

A

D. 70

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11
Q

Which of these represents an advantage of
norm-referenced tests?

A. It is more objective than criterion-referenced tests.
B. It can make up for mistakes in writing the test.
C. It tells you how well you did regardless of other people’s scores.
D. It is always pass-fail and very straightforward to grade.

A

B. It can make up for mistakes in writing the test.

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12
Q

What was the primary focus of tests during the Sung Dynasty in China?

A. Mathematics
B. Classical literature
C. Military skills
D. Political knowledge

A

B. Classical literature

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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of psychological tests?

A. Standardization to a mean of 100.
B. Sampling of behavior.
C. Description of behavior with categories or scores.
D. Use of norms to predict other behaviors.

A

A. Standardization to a mean of 100.

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14
Q

The ability to quantify and measure psychological traits and states is an example of which assumption?

A. Assumption 1
B. Assumption 2
C. Assumption 3
D. Assumption 4

A

B. Assumption 2

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15
Q

Which of the following statistical techniques would most likely be used to summarize the central tendency of a small sample with extreme outliers?

A. Mean
B. Median
C. Mode
D. Variance

A

B. Median

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16
Q

Lily wants to use statistical analysis to predict the likelihood of customer satisfaction based on survey responses. What type of statistics should she use?

A. Descriptive Statistics
B. Inferential Statistics
C. Ratio Statistics
D. Interval Statistics

A

B. Inferential Statistics

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17
Q

What is psychological measurement?

A. Assessing of behavioral traits.
B. Assessing of psychological traits.
C. Assessing of physical traits.
D. Assessing of any types of traits.

A

B. Assessing of psychological traits.

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18
Q

James converted his raw score to a z-score.
What does a z-score of +2 indicate?

A. The score is two standard deviations below the mean.
B. The score is two standard deviations above the mean.
C. The score is equal to the mean.
D. The score is the median.

A

B. The score is two standard deviations above the mean.

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19
Q

A psychological assessment provides information about:

A. Skills and abilities.
B. Personality traits.
C. All answers are correct.
D. Career indicators.

A

C. All answers are correct.

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20
Q

Carlos recently completed a psychological assessment to understand his anxiety. Throughout the assessment, Carlos worked closely with the psychologist, discussing the test results and how they relate to his daily experiences. Together, they explored strategies to manage his anxiety better and improve his overall well-being. What type of assessment is Carlos undergoing?

A. Therapeutic Psychological Assessment
B. Retrospective Assessment
C. Collaborative Psychological Assessment
D. Ecological Momentary Assessment

A

A. Therapeutic Psychological Assessment

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21
Q

Sandy wants to compare her height and weight to the national average for women in her age bracket. What type of measurement should she be using?

A. Pass-fail referenced test.
B. Norm-referenced test.
C. Criterion-referenced test.
D. Obvious-reference test.

A

B. Norm-referenced test.

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22
Q

What is the purpose of standards?

A. Providing an average performance indicator.
B. The prevalence of high and low scores.
C. Help determine deviations from the expectation.
D. All the above-mentioned options.

A

D. All the above-mentioned options.

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23
Q

If a psychologist wants to evaluate the consistency of test scores over multiple trials, which measure would they focus on?

A. Standard deviation
B. Mean
C. Mode
D. Variability

A

A. Standard deviation

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24
Q

Standards are intended to…

A. Be able to predict deviations.
B. Determine the validity of a test.
C. Compare the scores of participants.
D. Determine the reliability of a test.

A

C. Compare the scores of participants.

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25
Q

What is the aim of criterion-referenced tests?

A. The test person’s score is compared with a relevant standardized sample.
B. The score of the test subject is compared to clearly defined criteria.
C. The score of the test subject is compared with an earlier score of the same test subject on a comparable test.
D. None of the above.

A

B. The score of the test subject is compared to clearly defined criteria.

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26
Q

A researcher calculates the range of a data set and finds it to be 20. If the highest score is 80, what is the lowest score?

A. 60
8.70
C. 50
D. 40

A

A. 60

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27
Q

During the Middle Ages, what was one of the main purposes of measurement procedures?

A. Testing academic knowledge
B, Testing job skills
C. Detecting alliances with the Devil
D. Measuring personality traits

A

C. Detecting alliances with the Devil

28
Q

If a test consistently yields the same results over time, it is said to have:

A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Norms
D. Bias

A

B. Reliability

29
Q

What does “validity” refer to in psychological testing?

A. The reliability of test scores
B. The accuracy of a test in measuring what it intends to measure
C. The number of test items
D. The average performance of test-takers

A

B. The accuracy of a test in measuring what it intends to measure

30
Q

Dr. Simons needs to assess a client’s
psychological state as it was five years ago when they were involved in a traumatic incident. The client’s current mental state is relatively stable, but! the goal is to understand how their mental health was impacted during and after the incident in the past. Which type of assessment is most appropriate for this scenario?

A. Retrospective Assessment
B. Dynamic Assessment
C. Remote Assessment
D. Therapeutic Psychological Assessment

A

A. Retrospective Assessment

31
Q

Which scientist applied Darwin’s theory to the study of human heredity?

A. Wilhelm Wundt
B. Charles Spearman
C.) Francis Galton
D. Emil Kraepelin

A

C.) Francis Galton

32
Q

In a study of student performance, Mary found that the mean score was 75. If the standard deviation was 5, what z-score corresponds to a score of 70?

A. -1
B. -2
C. 0
D. 1

A

A. -1

33
Q

A psychometrician is best understood as:

A. An expert administrator of personality tests.
B. A psychologist who has been trained from the scientist-practitioner model.
C. A developer and evaluator of psychological tests.
D. Any authorized user of assessment instruments.

A

C. A developer and evaluator of psychological tests.

34
Q

What is true about criterion-referenced tests?

A. Scores are compared with pre-set limits.
B. Scores are compared with the performance levels of others.
C. The tests are passed by everyone.
D. None of the above answers is true.

A

A. Scores are compared with pre-set limits.

35
Q

Ancient Greco-Roman writings primarily
focused on categorizing people based on what criteria?

A. Intelligence
B. Personality types
c. Physical strength
D. Social status

A

B. Personality types

36
Q

If a frequency distribution graphically shows a normal distribution, which of the following characteristics is true?

A. The mean, median, and mode are equal.
B. The distribution is skewed to the left.
C. There are multiple modes.
D. The distribution is flat.

A

A. The mean, median, and mode are equal

37
Q

Which of the following measures describes how far, on average, all scores are from the middle?

A. Mode
B. Range
C. Mean deviation
D. Standard deviation

A

C. Mean deviation

38
Q

In the test-retest reliability method, what is a key consideration?

A. The test should be given to different groups each time.
B. The time interval between sessions must be selected carefully.
C. All test items must be identical for both tests.
D. Test-takers should not be informed of the second test.

A

B. The time interval between sessions must be selected carefully.

39
Q

Joe is analyzing the time it takes participants to complete a task, and some times include decimal points. What type of data is Joe working with?

A. Discrete
B. Continuous
C. Qualitative
D. Ordinal

A

B. Continuous

40
Q

Leah is struggling with substance abuse, and her therapist decides to use a method where Lea will be asked to log specific instances of craving, thoughts, and emotions throughout her day in real-time. This data will be used to analyze her behavioral patterns and help in developing coping strategies. Which assessment method is Leah’s therapist using?

A. Collaborative Psychological Assessment
B. Ecological Momentary Assessment
C. Remote Assessment
D. Dynamic Assessment

A

B. Ecological Momentary Assessment

41
Q

What is the main purpose of standard scores, like z-scores and t-scores?

A. To create visual representations of data
B. To provide easier interpretation of scores
C. To summarize raw data
D. To calculate the mean

A

B. To provide easier interpretation of scores

42
Q

Jane is testing the accuracy of different. thermometers and records the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. Which property of measurement is not present in her data?

A. Classification
B. Magnitude
C. Equal Intervals
D. Absolute Zero

A

D. Absolute Zero

43
Q

Which psychological assessment should be used when looking for patterns, subconscious themes, or feelings?

A. Inventory
B. Aptitude test
C. Projective test
D. Speed test

A

C. Projective test

44
Q

A specialist in psychology or education who develops and evaluates psychological tests:

A. Clinician.
B. Psychometrician.
C. Psychometrist.
D. Counselor.

A

B. Psychometrician.

45
Q

A teacher calculates the class average for the test exam by adding all scores and dividing by the number of students. What is this process called?

A. Collecting data
B. Organizing data
C. Summarizing data
D. Inferential statistics

A

C. Summarizing data

46
Q

What innovation was introduced in the Ming Dynasty’s civil service testing system?

A. Test batteries
B. Knowledge on classical literature
C. Multistage national testing
D. Personality testing

A

C. Multistage national testing

47
Q

Emily is analyzing the test scores of her students. Which of the following best describes the purpose of descriptive statistics in her analysis?

A. To infer future test scores
B. To summarize and describe the basic features of the data
C. To predict student performance
Mist
D. To determine relationships between variables

A

B. To summarize and describe the basic features of the data

48
Q

Which of the following best defines kurtosis?

A. The shape of the distribution related to the concentration of scores.
B. The symmetry of the distribution.
C. The average distance of scores from the mean
D. The spread of data points around the mean

A

A. The shape of the distribution related to the concentration of scores.

49
Q

In the equation X = T + e, what is the best that a test developer can do?

A. Make T very large.
B. Make T very small.
C. Make e very large.
D. Make e very small.

A

D. Make e very small.

50
Q

If a new psychological test shows high reliability but low validity, what does this indicate?

A. The test measures what it is supposed to measure.
B. The test produces consistent results but does not measure the intended construct.
C. The test has numerous items.
D. The test is unfair to certain groups.

A

B. The test produces consistent results but does not measure the intended construct.

51
Q

Who coined the term “mental test” in an 1890 publication?
A. Francis Galton
B. Charles Spearman
C. James McKeen Cattell
D. Victor Henri

A

C. James McKeen Cattell

52
Q

What does the term “skewness” refer to in a distribution?

A. The average of the data
B. The presence of outliers
C. The degree of asymmetry of the distribution
D. The peak of the distribution

A

C. The degree of asymmetry of the distribution

53
Q

Sarah calculated the median score for her data set of test scores. Why is the median often preferred over the mean when dealing with skewed data?

A. It is always higher than the mean
B. It is less affected by outliers
C. It represents the most frequent score
D. It is easier to calculate

A

B. It is less affected by outliers

54
Q

Which psychologist experimented with the word association technique as a formal test?

A. Wilhelm Wundt
B. Emil Kraepelin
C. James McKeen Cattell
D. Lightner Witmer

A

B. Emil Kraepelin

55
Q

A frequency distribution is best described as:

A. A graphical representation of data
B. A measure of central tendency
C. A table showing the number of observations in given intervals
D. A methed to compare different groups

A

C. A table showing the number of observations in given intervals

56
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a reliable test?

A. Consistency of results
B. Accurate measurement of the construct
C. Variability in test scores
D. Predictability over time

A

C. Variability in test scores

57
Q

Amy measures the temperature of water in degrees Celsius for her experiment. What level of measurement does this represent?

A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio

A

C. Interval

58
Q

In the split-half reliability method, how is the test divided?

A. Randomly into two halves
B. Into sections based on difficulty
C. By alternating items
D. By participant demographics

A

A. Randomly into two halves

59
Q

Uniformity of administration procedures is the definition of:

A. Criterion-referencing.
B. Standardization.
C. Norm-referencing.
D. Reliability.

A

B. Standardization.

60
Q

Lighter Witmer succeeded which psychologist as the director of the Psychology Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania?

A. Wilhelm Wundt
B. Charles Spearman
C. James McKeen Cattell
D. Victor Henri

A

C. James McKeen Cattell

61
Q

If a data set has a mode of 5, which of the following statements is true?

A. 5 is the least frequently occurring score.
B. The mode is not useful for nominal data.
C. At least one score in the data set is 5, and it appears most often.
D. The mode must also be the median.

A

C. At least one score in the data set is 5, and it appears most often.

62
Q

Rachel is collecting data about people’s experiences during a therapeutic session. What type of data is she collecting?

A. Discrete
B. Continuous
C. Quantitative
D. Qualitative

A

D. Qualitative

63
Q

Which formula is used to estimate reliability in the split-half method?

A. Pearson’s r
B. Spearman-Brown Formula
C. Cronbach’s Alpha
D. Kuder-Richardson Formula

A

B. Spearman-Brown Formula

64
Q

In descriptive statistics, the mode is the only measure that can be used for which type of scale?

A. Interval scale
B. Ordinal scale
C. Ratio scale
D. Nominal scale

A

D. Nominal scale

65
Q

Which reliability method involves comparing two equivalent forms of a test?

A. Test-Retest
B. Parallel Forms
C. Split Half
D. Interscorer

A

B. Parallel Forms

Psychological Assessment (2 decks)

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