Deontology Of Kant Flashcards
What is the Good will?
The will to do the right thing, to fulfil your duty.
The good will is INHERENTLY good.
What do you have to do to have Good will?
You have to be motivated by duty act OUT of duty.
DO NOT act in accordance with it.
What does using the good will look like?
-1st example:
There is a loving father:
He is a loving father because he cares for his son & loves for his son.
His duty is to care for his son.
He is acting out of duty because he ought to care for his son.
What is deontology ?
Doing the right thing for the right reasons
What is acting accordance in duty?
Doing something because you want to do it
Kant says NO to this.
This is acting out of desire.
Why is acting in accordance not enough (as Kant says)
Because you are acting out of desire
You desires can change
This means that you are changing your duty- you should ALWAYS act out of your duty. - moral thing to do (OUGHT TO!)
If it changes, you are therefore acting out of accordance.
What is the hypothetical imperative?
-conditional statements (if, then).
-based on desire, reasoning based on ends in themselves.
-not moral imperatives.
-they are based on our WANTS, not on our GOODS (will).
What are the Categorical imperatives?
-seen as the ‘rules’ on how to act on our goods.
-‘ACT ONLY ON THE MAXIM THAT YOU CAN WILL SHOULD BECOME UNIVERSAL LAW’.
-Morality becomes about reasoning and logic.
-My action becomes moral law.
‘ACT THROUGH YOUR MAXIMS- BECOME THE LEGISLATOR OF UNIVERSAL LAWS.
What is the first formulation from Kant?
The catergorical imperatives (CI’S)
What is Kant’s theory about?
-Logic, morality. What is coherent and what we can will.
-NOT about pleasure.
What is universal law?
-Law based on whether everyone else COULD follow it.
-Has to make our ends possible.
-if there is no universality, there are no concepts.
-These create perfect duties-duties you need to follow all of the time.
What do contradictions in wills cause?
-IMPERFECT duties.
-incoherencies that impact you.
What are 3 of the CI’s?
-Tell the truth
-Fulfil your promises
-respect private property
What is the second formulation from Kant?
Humanity
What is humanity from Kant?
-as RATIONAL AGENTS we possess:
-dignity
-we are conscious free beings
-we deserve respect
What does humanity say about ends and means?
-in the same way we do not want to be treated as mere means.
-we should NOT treat others as ends in themselves (do not use others for a lift eg, unless it is part of their duty).
What can happen if a maxim violates the Autonomy of an agent?
It fails the humanity formulation.
Explain maxims further:
-a short statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct.
-a slogan says that ‘a consumer needs to hear about our product 7 times that’s what we advertise it so much’.
