DEO Flashcards

1
Q

used perfumed oils to mask natural body
odors, Hair removal also helped reduce odor

A

EGYPTIANS

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2
Q

Egyptians used ______ to mask natural body odors, ______ also helped reduce odor

A

PERFUME OILS
HAIR REMOVAL

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3
Q

was first used in the ancient Roman civilization for deodorant purposes to
reduce body odor.

A

ALUM STONE (POTASSIUM ALUM)

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4
Q

Alum Stone (Potassium Alum) was first used in the ancient ____ civilization
for deodorant purposes to
reduce body odor.

A

ROMAN

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5
Q

____ and ____ became huge centers for perfumes in Europe

A

ITALY and FRANCE

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6
Q

Italy and France became huge centers for perfumes in?

A

EUROPE

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7
Q

Italy and France became huge centers for perfumes in Europe. The use of ______,
______, and _______ became an important part of everyday life.

A

PERFUMES
SPICES
AROMATICS

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8
Q

the first modern aluminum-containing
antiperspirant. It led to skin irritation and damaged the fabricas well.

A

EVERDRY

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9
Q

it was known as a “Spray Deo. dorant” due
to the packaging the deodorant came in

A

STOPETTE

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10
Q

The first roll-on deodorant was also launched in the 1950s; its design was based on the ballpoint pen.

A

BAN ROLL ON

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11
Q

The first roll-on deodorant was also launched in the _____; its design was based on the ballpoint pen.

A

1950s

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12
Q

Ban roll on was the first roll-on deodorant
was also launched in the 1950s; its design was based on the?.

A

BALLPOINT PEN

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13
Q

The first aerosol
antiperspirants appeared
on the market;
environmental and health
concerns arose

A

GILLETTE’S RIGHT GUARD

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14
Q

Simple, coiled tubular glands, known as the “true” sweat glands since their main function is to control body temperature and electrolyte balance through the evaporation of water from sweat on the body surface.

A

ECCRINE GLAND

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15
Q

Simple, coiled tubular glands, known as the ______ since their main function is to control body temperature and electrolyte balance through the evaporation of water from sweat on the body surface.

A

“TRUE” SWEAT GLANDS

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16
Q

Eccrine Gland is Found all over the
body, especially on the _____, _____, _____, _____.

A

PALMS
SOLES
AXILLAE (UNDERARMS)
FOREHEAD

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17
Q

GlandLimited to certain body parts, such as the axilla, anus, and breast. They become functional at puberty when the sex hormones are produced. They are usually triggered by emotions, such as excitement, anger, and fear.

A

APOCRINE GLAND

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18
Q

Apocrine Gland is Limited to certain body parts, such as the _____, _____, and
______.

A

AXILLA
ANUS
BREAST

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19
Q

They become functional at puberty when the sex hormones are produced.

A

APOCRINE GLAND

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20
Q

They are usually triggered by
emotions, such as ____, ____, and ____.

A

EXCITEMENT
ANGER
FEAR

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21
Q

Concentrated in the axillae, groin and mammary glands, become active at puberty

A

APOCRINE SWEAT GLANDS

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22
Q

Measure 80-100 pm in diameter

A

APPCRINE SWEAT GLANDS

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23
Q

Secretions are oily and viscid, consisting mostly of proteins, steroids and fatty acids

A

APOCRINE SWEAT GLANDS

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24
Q

Apocrine sweat glands secretions are ___ and ___, consisting mostly of ____,
_____ and _____.

A

OILY, VISCID
PROTEINS, STEROIDS, FATTY ACIDS

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25
Secretions are mainly responsible for body odour due to bacterial decomposition
APOCRINE SWEAT GLANDS
26
Found all over the skin surfaces (palms, soles, forehead)
ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS
27
Ductal epithelium made up of several layers of cuboidal cells
ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS
28
Measure 30-40 um in diameter
ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS
29
Secretions are watery, consisting mostly of water and solutes
ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS
30
Secretions are mainly responsible for thermoregulation and partly for body odour
ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS
31
odor develops by the activity of ______ on the skin surface.
BACTERIAL FLORA
32
bacteria, such as ______, ______, _______ spp., and Micrococcus, as well as yeast, Malassezia
CORYNEBACTERIUM STRETOCOCCUS PROPIONIBACTERIUM
33
are topically applied products designed to reduce or mask unpleasant body odors by reodorization and/or antibacterial action
DEODORANT
34
are topically applied products designed to reduce underarm wetness by limiting body transpiration
ANTIPERSPIRANTS
35
A deodorant is not an antiperpirant. But an antiperspirant can be a deodorant
36
How Deodorants and Antiperspirants May Affect the Human Skin and Body?
HYPERHYDROSIS STARTER (REPLACED BY BOTOX) SKIN IRRITATION AND ALLERGIES OVERHEATING STAIN THE CLOTHES
37
reduce the perception of odor through blending with underarm odor and masking it
ODOR MASKING
38
Example of odor masking
FRAGRANCES
39
chemically neutralizes odorous compounds, yielding odorless components.
ODOR NEUTRALIZING
40
Example of odor neutralizing
SODIUM AND POTASSIUM BICARBONATE AND ZINC CARBONATE
41
bind to the odorous chemicals and form complexes with these materials
ODOROUS QUENCHING
42
Examples of odor quenching
zinc ricinoleate, metal oxides (zinc oxide)
43
physically neutralize odorous molecules formed in the axilla via absorption or adsorption.
ODOR ABSORPTION/ADSORPTION
44
examples of absorptions/adsorptions
SILICONES and SILICATES
45
directly inhibit certain enzymes of the underarm bacteria, which results in odor reduction
ESTERASE INHIBITOR
46
Example of esterase inhibitor
ZINC GLYCINATE
47
prevent underarm odor formation by inhibiting or deactivating the bacteria responsible for bad odor formation.
ANTIMICROBIAL
48
Examples of Antimicrobial
ETHANOL, TRICLOSAN, QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, GLYCERY FATTY ACID ESTERS, ESSENTIAL OILS (THYNE and CLOVE)
49
Reversibly block sweat gland excretion by forming a temporary, gelatinous plug in the eccrine duct that reduces, but does not stop, the flow of axillary perspiration.
ANTIPERSPIRANTS
50
usually opaque O/W emulsions. The active ingredient is typically formulated into the external phase to provide better efficacy.
WATER-BASED
51
shorter drying time and offer a refreshing feeling upon application. These products are usually thickened with a hydrophilic polymer, such as cellulose derivatives or carrageenan.
HYDROALCOHOLIC
52
formulated as anhydrous products where the actives are suspended in volatile silicone oils, such as cyclomethicone
SILICONE-BASED
53
Types of Roll-Ons
WATER-BASED HYDROALCOHOLIC SILICONE-BASED
54
Types of Ingredients:
ODOR MASKING ODOR NEUTRALIZING ODOR QUENCHING ODOR ABSORPTION/ADSORPTION ESTERATE INHIBITORS ANTIMICROBIAL ANTIPERSPIRANTS
55
Hydroalcoholic has shorter drying time and offer a refreshing feeling upon application. These products are usually thickened with a hydrophilic polymer, such as ________ or _______.
CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES or CARRAGEENAN
56
Silicone-based formulated as anhydrous products where the actives are suspended in volatile silicone oils, such as _______
CYCLOMETHICONE
57
Examples of Solid Sticks:
DEODORANT STICKS ANTIPERSPIRANT STICKS EXTRUDABLE CLEAR GELS EXTRUDABLE SOFT SOLIDS
58
as the gelling agent (can also contribute to clarity)
SODIUM STEARATE
59
deodorizing agents and fragrances are usually dissolved in the ________ (PG, DPG)
HYDROPHILIC VEHICLE
60
______, _______, and ________ to improve the stability and extend the shelf-life
PRESEVATIVES ANTIOXIDANTS CHELATING AGENTS
61
Angydrous suspensions containing the suspended antiperspirant actives in a silicone-based vehicle.
ANTIPERSPIRANT STICKS
62
Provide quick drying and dry skin feel without being tacky or oily.
CYCLOPENTASILOXANE and CYCLOMETHICONE
63
for soft skin feel and glideability
MYRISTYL MYRISTATE
64
dispersing agents for the antiperspirant actives
PPG-4 BUTYL ETHER
65
hardening agents in antiperspirant sticks
STEARYL ALCOHOL BEHENYL ALCOHOL HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL
66
Suspending agents in antiperspirant sticks
TALC and SILICA
67
Examples of aerosols:
DEODORANT AEROSOLS ANTIPERSPIRANT AEROSOLS
68
Typically contain a solution of a deodorant ingredient, such as an antimicrobial active in an ethanol and/or propylene glycol, which is blended with a liquefied propellant
DEODORANT AEROSOL
69
Are the most commonly used propellants in deodorant aerosols
PROPANE BUTANE ISOBUTANE
70
Antiperspirant actives ate suspended in the product y and ate not solubilized
ANTIPERSPIRANT AEROSOLS
71
Ate generally soluble in water
ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVES
72
Tend to leave a visible white residue on the skin ot even on the clothing
ALUMINUM POWDERS
73
Have an acidic pH value
ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVES
74
Contain antiperspirant actives in an undissolved suspended state
ANTIPERSPIRANT AERSOLS
75
Are soluble in sweat; this is how they form a viscous plug in the duct
ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVES
76
Evaluation of Deodorants and Antiperspirants:
• HARDNESS OF STICKS • DRYING TIME • MICROBIOLOGICAL TESTING • SNIFF TEST • SWEAT REDUCTION TEST FOR ANTIPERSPIRANTS
77
Pne of the biggest concerns with regard to the use of antiperspirants was wether they can cause breast cancer.
ALUMINUM
78
antiperspirants can absorb through razor nicks from underarm shaving and deposit in the lymph nodes. As antiperspirants prevent sweating, users cannot sweat out toxins, but they remain in the body, leading to cancer
ALUMINUM
79
is used as a complexing agent to form various aluminum-zirconium chlorohydrate complexes. All these complexes contain aluminum chloride and zirconium chloride.
ZIRCONIUM
80
use of CFC ______ was banned in the US in the late 1970s due to concerns regarding the ozone layer. Formulators started using various hydrocarbons, which belong to the class of ingredients known as VOCs
PROPELLANTS
81
( Today, no zirconium-containing active ingredients can be incorporated into aerosolized antiperspirant formulations.)
82
Packaging containers:
STICK CONTAINERS ROLL-ON CONTAINERS AEROSOL CANS
83
hollow tubes with an elevator platform inside that can move up and down to dispense the product
STICK CONTAINERS
84
consist of a hollow glass or plastic body, a cap, and a roll. The roll itself is made of a hollow ball and a housing for the ball.
ROLL-ON CONTAINERS
85
supplied in one compartment cans, where the formulation and the propellant are mixed together. _______ can be fabricated from tin- coated steel, tin-free steel, or aluminum
AEROSOL CANS