Dentoalveolar

Question 1

Disruption of which of the following is the reason for gait disturbance after an anterior iliac crest bone graft?

A. Tensor Fascia Lata
B. Iliacus
C. Gluteus Medius
D. Gluteus Maximus

Answer 1

A. Tensor Fascia Lata

The tensor fascia lata is the most important structure related to gait disturbance

Question 2

In harvesting bone from the anterior ilium, the sensory nerve most at risk near the posterior extent of the access incision is the:
A. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.
B. lateral cutaneous branch of the subcostal nerve.
C. lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve
D. ilia-Inguinal nerve.

Answer 2

C. lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve

The iliohypogastric nerve is the most commonly affected nerve during anterior iliac crest bone graft.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true regarding alveolar distraction?
A. The consolidation period is the time after the osteotomy and prior to distraction
B. Activation occurs 3mm/day in 3 divided, equal segments per day (1mm/day, 0.25)
C. The consolidation phase should be three times the length of the active distraction period
D. The latency period should be shortened for distraction of irradiated bone

Answer 3

C. The consolidation phase should be three times the length of the active distraction period

In alveolar distraction osteogenesis (DO), the process involves the gradual lengthening of the bone and soft tissue, and the following stages are involved:

Latency Period: This is the initial period after the osteotomy (bone cut) where no distraction is performed. It allows for healing and for the bone to “stabilize” before distraction begins.

Distraction Phase (Active Distraction): This is the phase where gradual distraction occurs, typically at a rate of 1 mm per day (often divided into smaller increments, such as 0.25 mm four times a day), which allows for bone lengthening.

Consolidation Phase: After the distraction is complete, the bone needs to “consolidate” or mature. The consolidation phase should be approximately three times the length of the active distraction period to allow proper bone healing and remodeling.

Question 4

What ensures immediate graft survivability when a split thickness skin graft is placed on the recipient site?

A. Angiogenesis
B. Imbibition
C. Donor site nutrition support
D. Secondary epithelialization

Answer 4

B. Imbibition

Imbibition is the process where the graft absorbs nutrients, oxygen, and other essential substances from the recipient bed (the wound or tissue where the graft is placed) through diffusion. The graft is not yet vascularized (does not have its own blood supply) during this phase. This phase typically lasts for the first 24-48 hours after grafting. During imbibition, the graft takes in fluids from the underlying tissue, which helps it to stay hydrated and receive essential nutrients. The diffusion of oxygen and nutrients through the graft is limited to the superficial layers, as the graft is avascular (lacking blood vessels) at this stage.

Question 5

Which of the following best characterizes the basement membrane surface of Alloderm (acellular dermal matrix), when used as an interpositional graft for root coverage?
A. Retains reddish coloration after contact with the patient’s blood
B. Facilitates epithelial cell migration
C. Should be placed away from the exposed surface intended for coverage
D. Promotes revascularization

Answer 5

B. Facilitates epithelial cell migration

The basement membrane surface of Alloderm is designed to mimic the natural extracellular matrix, promoting the migration of epithelial cells during the healing process. This makes it effective for procedures like root coverage in periodontal surgery, where epithelial cells need to migrate over the graft to promote healing.