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DENTAL REVIEW > DENTAL REVIEW > Flashcards

DENTAL REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

What are accessory digestive organs, responsible for mastication, or the mechanical digestion in the mouth?

A

Teeth

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2
Q

What initiates the breakdown of starch?

A

Salivary amylase

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3
Q

What breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids?

A

Lingual lipase

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4
Q

What surface contains the taste-buds and is covered with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

A

The dorsal surface

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5
Q

What is the visible region of the tooth above the level of the gums?

A

Crown

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6
Q

What is the region of the tooth which encompasses the junction of the crown and root near the gum line?

A

Neck

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7
Q

What is the region of the tooth that is embedded in the socket?

A

Root

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8
Q

What is the hardest substance in the body and has a hard, white outer layer?

A

Enamel

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9
Q

What gives the tooth its basic shape and rigidity?

A

Dentin

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10
Q

What canal has an opening at its base, through which blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves extend?

A

root canal

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11
Q

The alveolar process is a thickened ridge of bone that contains —— that hold teeth in the maxilla and mandible?

A

tooth sockets

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12
Q

What are the 4 types of teeth from front to back?

A
  1. Incisors
  2. Canines
  3. pre molars
  4. molars
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13
Q

what are the 2 divisions of incisors?

A
  1. Central

2. lateral

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14
Q

How many pairs of molars are in the mouth?

A

3

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15
Q

In what anatomical direction are teeth counted and what are the numbers?

A
  1. 1-16 from upper right to upper left.

2. 17-32 from lower left to lower right

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16
Q

What is the largest, strongest, and only moveable skull bone?

A

mandible

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17
Q

What are the 3 main nerves in the mouth used for oral nerve blocking?

A
  1. Anterior Superior Alveolar (ASA)
  2. Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA)
  3. Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA)
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18
Q

The lingual nerve is associated with what cranial nerve?

A

CN 5 (Trigeminal)

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19
Q

What is the half-life of 2% lidocaine/Xylocaine? (fast acting)

A

1.6 hours

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20
Q

What is the half-life of .5% bupivacaine/Marcaine? (slow acting)

A

3.5 hours

21
Q

What block is the disposition of local anesthesia near a major nerve trunk at a greater distance from the area of treatment?

A

Regional block

22
Q

What reduces need of reliance for oral analgesics?

A

Regional block

23
Q

What is a minor injury to the tooths supporting structures without abnormal loosening or displacement of the tooth?

A

concussion

24
Q

What is a traumatic injury that results in a tooth, that is, loose in the socket?

A

Subluxation

25
Q

What diagnosis should be treated with gentle manipulation of the tooth into its proper position and should be splinted if necessary?

A

Subluxation

26
Q

What diagnosis do you rinse the tooth gently with saline, DO NOT scrub, and administer an intraoral nerve block?

A

Avulsion

27
Q

What solution should you NOT put a tooth in?

A

water

28
Q

What window of time can a tooth be retained for?

A

Within 30 minutes to 1 hour

29
Q

Teeth fractures are divided into what 3 categories?

A
  1. Affect only the enamel
  2. Expose the dentin
  3. Expose the pulp
30
Q

What sensation do patients usually experience if the dentin is exposed but not the dental pulp?

A

sensitivity to cold air and water

31
Q

What method is used for immobilizing a mandibular fracture?

A

barton bandage

32
Q

What fracture will present with obvious facial trauma where CSF may be present?

A

Maxillary fractures

33
Q

What is a common, severe, non-contagious bacterial infection of the gums with sudden onset?

A

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG)

34
Q

NUG is also known as what two names?

A
  1. Trench mouth

2. Vincent’s Angina

35
Q

Bacterial infection brought on by immunosuppression, extreme stress, poor dental hygiene, malnutrition, and/or smoking?

A

NUG

36
Q

What diagnosis usually has a “punched out” appearance and covered by a grey pseudo membrane?

A

NUG

37
Q

A rapid onset of NUG may be accompanied by?

A

Malaise or fever

38
Q

What is the treatment for NUG?

A
  1. Debride gently

2. Magic mouthwash (2% lidocaine, liquid diphenhydramine, and Maalox) 1:1:1 ratio

39
Q

What diagnosis is made up of white material of debris, fibrin, and desquamated cells that have been invaded by yeast cells?

A

Thrush

40
Q

What three symptoms are associated with thrush?

A
  1. pain, may feel like burning
  2. dysphasia and hoarseness of voice
  3. metallic, acidic, salty, or bitter taste
41
Q

What is the treatment for thrush?

A

Fluconazole 100mg x7 days

42
Q

What are the 2 main signs of a Aphthous Ulcer (canker sores”?

A
  1. May have prodrome of burning or itching

2. 1/4 to 6mm round ulcerations with yellow-gray fibrinoid centers surrounded by red halos.

43
Q

What are the 2 main treatments of Aphthous Ulcers?

A
  1. self healing 10-14 days

2. Topical corticosteroids

44
Q

What are 3 subsections of Temporomandibular Dysfunction?

A
  1. Internal joint derangement
  2. Infectious arthritis
  3. condylar hyperplasia
45
Q

What are the 2 main treatments for Temporomandibular dysfunction?

A
  1. NSAIDS

2. Splint

46
Q

What is another term for “geographic tongue”?

A

Benign migratory glossitis

47
Q

What diagnosis is usually asymptomatic, but may be associated with burning when eating spicy or acidic food?

A

Geographic tongue

48
Q

What diagnosis is dark, elongated filiform papillae, stained by chromogenic microorganisms?

A

hairy tongue

49
Q

Mucus retention cyst (has no epithelial lining) is what diagnosis?

A

mucocele

DENTAL REVIEW (1 decks)

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