Dental Public Health Flashcards
What is the purpose of DPH
a speciality to PROTECT and IMPROVE the oral health of the population and tackle oral health INEQUALITIES
What is a health inequality under WHO definition
HEALTH INEQUALITY is the difference in HEALTH STATUS or the distribution of health determinants between different population groups
REMEMBER EQUALITY = SAMENESS
it promotes fairness and justice by giving everyone the same thing, but can only work if everyone starts from the SAME place !
what does health inequity mean? - think stairs
presence of avoidable, unfair or things that can be changed (remediable) differences among GROUPS of people
REMEMBER EQUITY = FAIRNESS
its about making sure people get access to the same opportunities
what are the 3 main things DPH involve
- research
- teaching
- service
what does the Black Report involve?
The Black Report, released in 1980 in the UK, found that health outcomes varied significantly between different SOCIAL CLASSES
It pointed out that people in HIGHER social classes tended to live longer and have better health than those in LOWER classes.
The report identified social factors like income, education, and access to healthcare as key reasons for these differences.
What are the 4 main points to take from the black report?
- class gradient (advantaged/disadvantaged) evident in chronic diseases
- mortality (death) gap between rich and poor LARGER/WIDENED
- Health services underused by communities at a DIADVANTAGE
- 2x the no of children from POORER families die due to lack of resource to health care !
What does the Acheson Report 1998 include?
4 main points:
- children from disadvantaged areas achieve less at school
- people from disadvantaged areas are more likely to smoke and drink alcohol / less education on the risk so no awareness ! (increases there risk)
- minority ethnic groups more likely to live in poor housing - cant afford affluent areas
- poverty has a disproportionate/out of share effect on children
What is the SIMD
this is a measure of relative depravation
stands for SOCIAL INDEX OF MULTIPLE DEPRAVATION
education
housing
income
employment
crime
health
access to services
What are the 6 principles of Marmot
6 policies
1. giving every child the best start in life
2. enabling all children, young people and adults to maximise their capabilites and have control over there lifes
3. creating fair employment and good work for all
4. ensuring a healthy standard of living for all
5. creating developing sustainable places and communities
6. STRENGHTENING the role and impact of ill-health PREVENTION
List some vulnerable groups (9)
- low literacy
- living in a deprived area
- living in remote/rural location
- travellers
- carers
- homelessness
- addictions and substance misuse
- staff
- low income
What are the 5 CAUSES of health inequalities
income, employment and work
access to services
social, cultural and interpersonal
education and learning
physical, environmental and local opportunities
what 4 things can we consider to identify the impacts?
availability?
accessability? - have these people got access to halthcare etc
acceptability
quality
What are the 5 different Scottish Oral Health Improvement Programmes?
- childsmile
- smile4life
- mouth matters
- caring for smiles
- open wide
What was childsmiles aim?
to IMPROVE CHILDRENS ORAL HEALTH AND MINIMISE CHILDRENS ORAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES
3 MAIN COMPONENTS:
- childsmile toothbrushing programme
- childsmile community and practice programme
- childsmile fluoride varnish programme
What is smile 4 life
Scotlands oral health improvement programme for people experiencing homelessness (training guide name)
resources such as tb and tp sent out to food banks and hostels
What is mouth matters
Scotlands oral health improvement programme for prison populations
- oral health education and prevention in prisons
What is caring for smiles?
scotlands OHIP for older people, particularly in care homes
What is the open wide programme?
- Scotland’s oral health improvement programme for - - adults ages 16-64 with additional care needs
- NEWEST programme
- adults aged 16-64 who require support with daily oral care as a result of a physical cognitive or medical condition! - medically compromised
what can be concluded about OHIP
OHIPs exist to IMPROVE oral health, reduce oral health inequalities, and combat the effects of some of the causes.
an individuals ability to make HEALTHY choices varies and is influenced by many interconnected factors
OHIPs particularly important where there is REDUCED access for different people , giving them an EQUAL chance as people that do have the access/education!
