dental products

Question 1

define dental products

Answer 1

are agents or chemicals used in treatment of teeth and oral cavity diseases

Question 2

mention dental products ;4points

Answer 2

anticaries
dentrifices
desensitizing
cement and fillers

Question 3

define anticaries agents and give example

Answer 3

are substances used to treat dental carries and maintain clean and healthy teeth
examples:sodium flourides NaF

Question 4

state the preparation of sodium flouride ;2 points

Answer 4

1action of hydrofloric acid(HF) on sodium carbonate(Na2CO3)

2 double decomposition of CaF2 with Na2CO3

Question 5

properties of sodium flouride ;3points

Answer 5

• colorless odorless crystaals /white powders
• corrodes ordinary glass bottles
• on acidification of NaF,HF is produced which is poisonous

Question 6

mechanism of action of flouride as an anticaries

Answer 6

replaces the hydroxyl ion in hydroxyl apatite(on enamel) to form flourapatite which is more resistant to acids produced by plague bacteria

Question 7

define dental caries

Answer 7

also known as tooth decay or cavity
is the degradation and demineralization of the hard tissues of the tooth (enamel,cementum ) caused by action of lactic acid produced by bacteria

Question 8

define cleaning agents or dentrifices and 3 examples

Answer 8

is a substances used for cleaning of and can be appplied with a brush,its in form of powder or paste
examples:calcium phosphate,calcium carbonate,sodium metaphosphate

Question 9

state preparation of calcium carbonate cleaning agent;2points

Answer 9

1. passing carbondioxide through lime water(Ca(OH)2)

2. addition of sodium carbonate(Na2CO3) to CaCl2

Question 10

state the physical properties of calcium carbonate ;4points

Answer 10

it is a white fine powder
it is odorless and tasteless
it is soluble in diln HCl and HNO3 but
insoluble in H2O and alcohol

Question 11

state the chemical properties of CaCO3 ;2points

Answer 11

releases CO2 on action of strong acid
releases CaO(quick lime) and CO2 on heating

Question 12

state medicinal uses of calcium carbonate ;4 points

Answer 12

^used in toothpastes for dental cleaning and polishing agent
^used as an antiacid and inexpensive calcium dietary supliment
^used for treating hyperphosphatemia by acting as a phosphate binder for patients with chronic renal failure
^used as an (inert filler) exepient for tablets
^used as a cleaning agent or dentrifices due to its mild abrasive property

Question 13

define desensitizing agent and 2 examples

Answer 13

are agents used to reduce sensititvity of tooth to heat and cold example strontium chloride and zinc chloride

Question 14

state properties of desensitizing agents ;5points

Answer 14

#should be non-irritating to the pulp
#should be relatively painless on application
#application should be easy and convenient
#its effect should be permanent and long lasting
#its action should be rapid

Question 15

define cement and fillers and its two forms

Answer 15

are a hard and brittle mixture of powder and liquid

Question 16

state constituents of zinc eugenol ;5 contents

Answer 16

zinc oxides
eugenol(from clove oil,it is antibacterial)
white resin
zinc acetate
zinc stearate

Question 17

state two functions of zinc acetate in zinc eugenol

Answer 17

improves strength

act as an accelerator

Question 18

state the uses of zinc eugenol ;4 points

Answer 18

^for temporary filling when treating dental carries
^as a filler or cementing material in dentistry
^used as impression material in making complete dentures
^its used as an antimicrobial in throat paints bc of eugenol