Dental Pathology Flashcards
Obj: Be able to describe attrition and abrasion
Obj: Be able to describe tooth fractures
Obj: Understand treatment options for tooth fractures
Obj: Define tooth resorptive lesion stages and types
Obj: Understand treatment options for tooth resorptive lesions
Define Attrition
- wearing of dental hard tissues from the opposing teeth due to contact
- “Occlusal wear”
What affect does the spread of attrition have? (Fast vs slow)
- Slow:
- tertiary dentin will be laid down to protect the pulp
- often has a dark brown appearance
- tertiary dentin will be laid down to protect the pulp
- Fast:
- tertiary dentin is damaged
- may have pulp inflammation or exposure
Define abrasion
- Wearing of dental hard tissues by something other than opposing teeth
- I.e. tennis balls, wire cages, etc
What affect does the speed of abrasion have? (Fast vs slow)
- Slow:
- tertiary dentin will be laid down to protect the pulp
- Fast:
- Tertiary dentin is damaged
- may have pulp exposure
What is a common sequela of dental abrasions?
crown fractures
How can Attrition be treated/prevented?
- Radiographs to evaluate for endodontic disease
- Treat malocclusion
- Extraction, root canal therapy
- Orthodontic movement
- Combination of therapy
- Some cases may not require treatment
How can dental Abrasion be treated/prevented?
- Radiographs are needed to evaluate for endodontic disease
- Treat underlying disease - (i.e. Allergies)
- Behavioral counseling (i.e. cage chewers)
- Extraction, root canal therapy
- Protective crowns
- Combination therapy
- Some cases may not require treatment
What teeth are most commonly fractured in dogs
- 104
- 204
- 304
- 404
- 108
- 208
What are the most commonly fractured teeth in cats
- 104
- 204
- 304
- 404
What are the clinical signs of a tooth fracture
- Asymptomatic
- often w/ dead tooth, non-exposed pulp
- Decreased appetite
- Changes in chewing
- Increased salivation
- Behavior changes
Uncomplicated vs complicated tooth fractures
-
Uncomplicated:
- No direct pulp exposure
- Enamel fracture
- Involving enamel and dentin of the crown
-
Complicated:
- Direct pulp exposure
- Crown fractures
What are the common types of uncomplicated dental fractures
- Enamel infraction (EI)
- Enamel fracture (EF)
- Uncomplicated Crown fracture (UF)
- Uncomplicated crown-root fracture (UCRF)
Enamel infraction (EI) vs Enamel fracture (EF)
-
Enamel Infraction:
- incomplete fracture or crack in the enamel w/out loss of tooth substance
-
Enamel Fracture:
- fracture with loss of enamel only
Uncomplicated crown Fracture (UCF) vs Uncomplicated Crown-Root Fracture (UCRF)
- UCF:
- fracture of the crown that does not expose the pulp
- UCRF:
- Fracture and root that does not expose the pulp
What is the treatment for Uncomplicated Dental Fractures?
- Depends on presence of Endodontic disease (Need Rads)
-
Evidence of endodontic disease?
- extraction or root canal therapy
-
No evidence of endodontic disease?
- Exposed dentin tubules can cause sensitivity
- Over time tertiary dentin may seal the dentin tubules and protect the pulp (‘wait and see’)
- Recent fractures and/or sharp edges
- Odontoplasty w/ bonded sealant
- Recheck Rads in 6-12months for endodontic disease
-
Evidence of endodontic disease?
What is the benefits of Odontoplasty w/ bonded sealant for recent tooth fractures?
- Decreases plaque accumulation
- decreases sensitivity and risk of infection by blocking exposed dental tubules
- Improves comfort of the patient
Complicated crown fracture (CCF) vs Complicated crown-root fracture (CCRF)
- CCF:
- Fracture of the crown that exposes the pulp
- CCRF:
- Fracture of the crown and root that exposes the pulp
