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dental matrices Flashcards

1
Q

What is matrix?

A

that thing which contains & gives form to anything

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2
Q

What is dental matrix?

A

a piece of metal or other material which is used to support and give form to the restoration during its packing & hardening

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3
Q

What are the uses of different types of matrices according to?

A

cavity preparation design and the type of restorative material used

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4
Q

What are the functions of matrices?

A
  • matrices serve as temporary wall or walls during condensation of plastic
    restorative materials (build up of missing wall)
  • to give shape and contour to the restoration and maintain it till hardening
  • prevent marginal overhangs (intercontact between gingival seats)
  • to keep the gingival tissues away from the cavity margins
  • to protect the adjacent hard and soft tissues
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5
Q

What are the requirements of matrix materials?

A
  • easily adapted to teeth and maintain this adaptation during condensation
  • easily introduced and removed
  • easily contoured
  • strong enough to resist force of condensation
  • thin enough to preserve the contact between teeth (0.002 inch)
  • smooth and highly polished –> smooth surface texture of restoration
  • compatible with the restorative materials
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6
Q

What are the parts of the matrix system?

A
  • matrix retainer (holder): holds a band in desired position and shape
  • matrix band: a piece of metal or polymeric material, intended to give support and form to the restoration during its insertion and setting
  • matrix band should extend 2mm above the marginal ridge height and 1mm below gingival margin of the preparation
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7
Q

What is the classification of matrices according to mode of application?

A
  • with retainer
  • without retainer
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8
Q

What is the classification of matrices according to material of band?

A
  • metallic (non-transport)
  • non-metallic (transparent)
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9
Q

What is the classification of matrices according to type of cavity?

A
  • matrix for class I (compound/complex) during extension: double banded tofflemire matrix
  • matrix for class II: sectional matrix system, saddle matrix, automatrix, Ivory no. 1 and Ivory no. 8
  • matrix for class III: Myler strip (most known), S shaped matrix and Unica matrix
  • matrix for class IV: mylar strip, transparent crown former, custom lingual matrix, modified S shaped, Unica
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10
Q

What is the classification of matrices according to shape of band?

A
  • contoured
  • not contoured
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11
Q

What is the classification of matrices according to extension of matrix?

A
  • circumferential matrix
  • sectional matrix
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12
Q

What is the classification of matrices according to dentition?

A
  • anterior matrix
  • posterior matrix
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13
Q

What is ivory matrix no.1?

A
  • provides only one proximal wall (sectional matrix)
  • used in occluso-mesial or distal cavities (compound class II cavities) for amalgam restorations
  • contains retainer
  • metallic
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14
Q

what type of restorations use circumferential band?

A

amalgam and glass ionomer

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15
Q

What type of restoration uses sectional band?

A

composite

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16
Q

What is ivory matrix no.8

A
  • can encircle the whole crown of the tooth (circumferential matrix)
  • used in all compound and complex cavities for amalgam restorations
  • metallic
  • with retainer
17
Q

What is the tofflemire or universal matrix?

A
  • considered the best one in its stability and anatomic adaptation
  • suitable for all cases; compound or complex cavities (circumferential matrix)
  • the matrix band is available in two thicknesses (0.0015 and 0.002 inch)
    and in different occluso-gingival width
  • the proper width of the band should be selected so the band is extended 2mm above the height of the marginal ridge to be restored
  • not contoured
  • has a retainer and bnd
18
Q

What are the fnctions of ring?

A
  • adaptation of band in place
  • stabilise band in place
  • separation
19
Q

Is it possible to use composite with circumferential band and how?

A

yes, if there is a contact former

20
Q

are all sectional bands contoured?

A

yes

21
Q

What is the automatrix?

A
  • consists of a ready-made band that encircles the tooth (circumferential matrix)
  • it is tightened by a special device
  • suitable for compound and complex cavities especially extensive cavity preparations
  • bands are supplied in different widths and thicknesses
  • considered as a retainerless matrix as the matrix band is placed without a retainer
  • advantages: convenient, improved visibility and saves time
22
Q

What is omni matrix?

A
  • consists of a ready-made band and retainer attached to each other
  • it encircles the tooth (circumferential matrix)
  • suitable for compound and complex cavities
  • it is color coded matrix according to the size
  • has retainer
  • one-time use
23
Q

What classes can sectional bands be used in?

A

class II, III and IV

24
Q

What is Unica anterior matrix?

A
  • simple and ideal matrix for anterior restorations such as class III, IV, V, direct composite veneers, and shape modifications
  • makes it possible to restore interproximal and cervical margins at once, reducing chair time significantly
25
Q

WHat are cervical matrices?

A
  • used in class V restorations
  • advantage: excellent cervical contour
  • disadvantage: expensive
26
Q

What is mylar strip matrix?

A
  • used in class III and IV
  • advantage: easy to use and inexpensive
  • also called celluloid strip
  • transparent
27
Q

What is the gold standard of dental wedges?

A

wooden wedges

28
Q

What are the functions of dental wedges?

A
  • stabilize the matrix band in its place during condensation, packing and
    hardening of the restorative material
  • prevent marginal overhang
  • prevent seepage of the restorative material from the matrix during packing
  • maintain adequate teeth separation to compensate for the thickness of the matrix band (this is essential for proper and tight contact)
29
Q

What is the indication of round wooden wedge?

A

conservative class II preparations

30
Q

What is the indicatopn of triangular wooden wedge?

A

preparation with deep gingival margin

31
Q

What is the indication of plastic wedge?

A

preparation with deep gingival margin

32
Q

What is the indication of light transmitting wedge?

A

cervical portion of class II composite

33
Q

What are wooden wedges?

A
  • most commonly used and preferred
  • can be easily trimmed and fitted in gingival embrasure
  • adapt well in the gingival embrasure
  • easy to use
  • absorbs water, thus increase the interproximal retention
  • stabilize the matrix band
34
Q

What does prewedging compensates for?

A
  • thickness for matrix band
  • polymerization shrinkage of composite (expansion takes place)
  • exposed tooth margin and push gingiva downward
35
Q

What are the contacts location of teeth?

A
  • maxillary and mandibular anteriors: in incisal third
  • maxillary and mandibular posteriors: in the middle third
36
Q

What are the consequences of not restoring proximal areas?

A
  • food impaction
  • recurrent caries
  • trauma to the periodontium (pocket formation)
  • gingival inflammation
  • rotation and drifting of teeth
37
Q

What is another name for retainer?

A

ring

38
Q

What is the functon of a retainer?

A

holds band in place

operative (6 decks)

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