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AU17 - Dental Materials 3 > Dental Materials and Tissue Engineering > Flashcards

Dental Materials and Tissue Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

What is the goal of a restoration (4 things)?

A
  • esthetics
  • restore function
  • biologic function
  • mechanical function
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2
Q

T/F: Current dental materials are largely biologically inert.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the goal of tissue engineering?

A

Recreate natural tissues

Stimulate body to regrow tissues

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4
Q

T/F: Natural tissue is always superior.

A

True

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5
Q

Name three common BIOactive dental materials.

A

Glass Ionomers
ZOE
Ca(OH)2

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6
Q

T/F: The pH of GI liquid is 1.0.

A

True

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7
Q

T/F: GI liquid is 50% polyacid copolymer and 50% aqueous solution.

A

True

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8
Q

ZnO is the _____ component and Eugenol is the _____ component .

A 
zinc oxide POWDER
eugenol LIQUID (oil)
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9
Q

T/F: Reinforced ZOE shrinks when set.

A

False, it EXPANDS in order to seal

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10
Q

T/F: ZOE cannot be used under composite.

A

True!

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11
Q

T/F: ZOE enhances polymerization.

A

FALSE FALSE FALSE

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12
Q

An indirect pulp cap with _____ helps to initiate reparative dentin.

A

Calcium Hydroxide

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13
Q

How long does it take to form reparative dentin?

A

15 days- cells differentiate
30 days- microscopic reparative dentin
100 days- radiographic reparative dentin

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14
Q

In order to heal or regenerate tissues, ____ must be suppressed, the _____ must be regulated, and specific cells must be recruited.

A

inflammation suppressed

immune response regulated

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15
Q

What are the three methods of tissue engineering?

A
  • Cellular based (genetic manipulation, growth factors)
  • Scaffold based (cells, growth factors)
  • Distraction Osteogenesis
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16
Q

T/F: Injection of cells and growth factors at a site that needs regeneration will cause cells to regrow tissue.

A

True, this is cellular Tissue Engineering

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17
Q

What is the problem with cellular TE?

A
  • cells can die quickly
  • produce tumors
  • source issues
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18
Q

T/F: Cellular engineering can induce tumor formation.

A

True

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19
Q

____ ____ can be totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, poligopotent, and unipotent.

A

Stem Cells

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20
Q

T/F: A fertilized egg is a stem cell.

A

FALSE, they cannot continuously replicate

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21
Q

_______ stem cells can differentiate into any cell type

A

Pluripotent

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22
Q

Pluripotent stem cells are derived from ____

A

embryos or embryonic tumors.

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23
Q

Pluripotent stem cells can replicate and self-renew or they can form _____

A

neurons

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24
Q

T/F: Embryonic stem cells show quick growth in culture.

A

False, slowwwww

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25
T/F: Stem cells have surface markers.
True
26
T/F: Adult or Multipotent stem cells can only differentiate into a specific subset of cells.
True
27
T/F: Multipotent stem cells are slow.
True
28
T/F: Multipotent stem cells are easy to obtain.
True
29
T/F: Multipotent stem cells produce soft tissues only.
False, most hard or soft tissues
30
Induced stems cells are a new practice which employs adult stem cells and changes them to ____.
pluripotent stem cells (babies Pee a lot...embryo = P (pluripotent)) (Men = M (multipotent))
31
What does SHED stand for?
Stem-cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth
32
What does SCAP stand for?
Stem Cells from Apical Papilla
33
Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC) are _______ stem cells from dental pulp of permanent teeth.
mesenchymal
34
How are lasers being used to regenerate dentin?
- laser generated ROS - ROS will stimulate TGF-beta1 - TGF activation will stimulate production of tertiary dentin
35
T/F: Scaffolds promote the body's ability to heal and regenerate.
True
36
T/F: The problem with natural scaffolds is the batch-to-batch variation.
True
37
What is an autograft?
tissue is removed from one site and placed at another within the same host
38
What is an allograft?
``` Harvested tissues (usually cadavers) -can be bone, skin, connective tissue ```
39
T/F: Cornea allografts can be acquired from a cadaver.
True
40
What is a xenograft?
tissue obtained from a different species
41
T/F: Xenografts are the most plentiful natural supply source
True
42
Synthetic scaffolds can be either ____, ____, or ____.
polymer, ceramic, or metal
43
T/F: It is difficult to achieve a biocompatible scaffold.
True
44
What are alloplasts?
synthetic scaffolds
45
What is the most common tissue engineering done clinically?
periodontal (guided tissue regen)
46
What makes a good TE scaffold?
- biogradable - nontoxic - promotes regeneration - can modulate properties
47
T/F: The advantage of polymers is that they can be easily processed.
True
48
T/F: At the micro level, TE polymers should have no porosity.
FALSE, porosity allows for diffusion of nutrients and cells for growth
49
Pore Sizes: Fibroblast ingrowth _____ Skin _____ Bone _____
``` fibroblast = 20 microns skin = 20-125 microns bone = 100-250 microns ```
50
When using salt leaching, salt is added to PLA (polyLactic acid) solution, solvent is evaporated, salt is extracted with water, and eventually pore interconnect. What % porosity is needed for interconnection to occur?
70%
51
T/F: Most amino acids are optically active.
True
52
T/F: Amino acids have functional groups and sites for drug delivery.
True
53
T/F: Amino acids regulate cell/biological functions
True
54
_____ is a peptide sequence to promote cell adhesion.
RGD
55
T/F: Both RGD and RDG have the same adhesion effects.
False, R-G-D = adhesion (ReallyGooD) R-D-G = no adhesion (Really Don't Go)
56
T/F: The degradation timing of PLGA does not matter.
False, scaffold must disappear as the tissue is regrowing
57
T/F: Degradation of PLGA is controlled via the ratio of lactic acid and glycolic acid.
True, | P...L (lactic)...G (glycolic)...A (acid)
58
T/F: Degradation of PLGA is controlled by water diffusion.
True
59
T/F: Anything that affects water diffusion will affect the degradation rate of PLGA.
True
60
Which two properties of scaffolds are most important?
- bioactivity | - degradation

AU17 - Dental Materials 3 (6 decks)

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