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AU17 - Dental Materials 3 > Dental Materials and Tissue Engineering > Flashcards

Dental Materials and Tissue Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

What is the goal of a restoration (4 things)?

A
  • esthetics
  • restore function
  • biologic function
  • mechanical function
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2
Q

T/F: Current dental materials are largely biologically inert.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the goal of tissue engineering?

A

Recreate natural tissues

Stimulate body to regrow tissues

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4
Q

T/F: Natural tissue is always superior.

A

True

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5
Q

Name three common BIOactive dental materials.

A

Glass Ionomers
ZOE
Ca(OH)2

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6
Q

T/F: The pH of GI liquid is 1.0.

A

True

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7
Q

T/F: GI liquid is 50% polyacid copolymer and 50% aqueous solution.

A

True

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8
Q

ZnO is the _____ component and Eugenol is the _____ component .

A 
zinc oxide POWDER
eugenol LIQUID (oil)
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9
Q

T/F: Reinforced ZOE shrinks when set.

A

False, it EXPANDS in order to seal

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10
Q

T/F: ZOE cannot be used under composite.

A

True!

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11
Q

T/F: ZOE enhances polymerization.

A

FALSE FALSE FALSE

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12
Q

An indirect pulp cap with _____ helps to initiate reparative dentin.

A

Calcium Hydroxide

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13
Q

How long does it take to form reparative dentin?

A

15 days- cells differentiate
30 days- microscopic reparative dentin
100 days- radiographic reparative dentin

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14
Q

In order to heal or regenerate tissues, ____ must be suppressed, the _____ must be regulated, and specific cells must be recruited.

A

inflammation suppressed

immune response regulated

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15
Q

What are the three methods of tissue engineering?

A
  • Cellular based (genetic manipulation, growth factors)
  • Scaffold based (cells, growth factors)
  • Distraction Osteogenesis
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16
Q

T/F: Injection of cells and growth factors at a site that needs regeneration will cause cells to regrow tissue.

A

True, this is cellular Tissue Engineering

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17
Q

What is the problem with cellular TE?

A
  • cells can die quickly
  • produce tumors
  • source issues
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18
Q

T/F: Cellular engineering can induce tumor formation.

A

True

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19
Q

____ ____ can be totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, poligopotent, and unipotent.

A

Stem Cells

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20
Q

T/F: A fertilized egg is a stem cell.

A

FALSE, they cannot continuously replicate

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21
Q

_______ stem cells can differentiate into any cell type

A

Pluripotent

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22
Q

Pluripotent stem cells are derived from ____

A

embryos or embryonic tumors.

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23
Q

Pluripotent stem cells can replicate and self-renew or they can form _____

A

neurons

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24
Q

T/F: Embryonic stem cells show quick growth in culture.

A

False, slowwwww

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25
Q

T/F: Stem cells have surface markers.

A

True

26
Q

T/F: Adult or Multipotent stem cells can only differentiate into a specific subset of cells.

A

True

27
Q

T/F: Multipotent stem cells are slow.

A

True

28
Q

T/F: Multipotent stem cells are easy to obtain.

A

True

29
Q

T/F: Multipotent stem cells produce soft tissues only.

A

False, most hard or soft tissues

30
Q

Induced stems cells are a new practice which employs adult stem cells and changes them to ____.

A

pluripotent stem cells
(babies Pee a lot…embryo = P (pluripotent))
(Men = M (multipotent))

31
Q

What does SHED stand for?

A

Stem-cells from
Human
Exfoliated
Deciduous teeth

32
Q

What does SCAP stand for?

A

Stem
Cells from
Apical
Papilla

33
Q

Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC) are _______ stem cells from dental pulp of permanent teeth.

A

mesenchymal

34
Q

How are lasers being used to regenerate dentin?

A
  • laser generated ROS
  • ROS will stimulate TGF-beta1
  • TGF activation will stimulate production of tertiary dentin
35
Q

T/F: Scaffolds promote the body’s ability to heal and regenerate.

A

True

36
Q

T/F: The problem with natural scaffolds is the batch-to-batch variation.

A

True

37
Q

What is an autograft?

A

tissue is removed from one site and placed at another within the same host

38
Q

What is an allograft?

A 
Harvested tissues (usually cadavers)
-can be bone, skin, connective tissue
39
Q

T/F: Cornea allografts can be acquired from a cadaver.

A

True

40
Q

What is a xenograft?

A

tissue obtained from a different species

41
Q

T/F: Xenografts are the most plentiful natural supply source

A

True

42
Q

Synthetic scaffolds can be either ____, ____, or ____.

A

polymer, ceramic, or metal

43
Q

T/F: It is difficult to achieve a biocompatible scaffold.

A

True

44
Q

What are alloplasts?

A

synthetic scaffolds

45
Q

What is the most common tissue engineering done clinically?

A

periodontal (guided tissue regen)

46
Q

What makes a good TE scaffold?

A
  • biogradable
  • nontoxic
  • promotes regeneration
  • can modulate properties
47
Q

T/F: The advantage of polymers is that they can be easily processed.

A

True

48
Q

T/F: At the micro level, TE polymers should have no porosity.

A

FALSE, porosity allows for diffusion of nutrients and cells for growth

49
Q

Pore Sizes:
Fibroblast ingrowth _____
Skin _____
Bone _____

A 
fibroblast = 20 microns
skin = 20-125 microns
bone = 100-250 microns
50
Q

When using salt leaching, salt is added to PLA (polyLactic acid) solution, solvent is evaporated, salt is extracted with water, and eventually pore interconnect. What % porosity is needed for interconnection to occur?

A

70%

51
Q

T/F: Most amino acids are optically active.

A

True

52
Q

T/F: Amino acids have functional groups and sites for drug delivery.

A

True

53
Q

T/F: Amino acids regulate cell/biological functions

A

True

54
Q

_____ is a peptide sequence to promote cell adhesion.

A

RGD

55
Q

T/F: Both RGD and RDG have the same adhesion effects.

A

False,
R-G-D = adhesion (ReallyGooD)
R-D-G = no adhesion (Really Don’t Go)

56
Q

T/F: The degradation timing of PLGA does not matter.

A

False, scaffold must disappear as the tissue is regrowing

57
Q

T/F: Degradation of PLGA is controlled via the ratio of lactic acid and glycolic acid.

A

True,

P…L (lactic)…G (glycolic)…A (acid)

58
Q

T/F: Degradation of PLGA is controlled by water diffusion.

A

True

59
Q

T/F: Anything that affects water diffusion will affect the degradation rate of PLGA.

A

True

60
Q

Which two properties of scaffolds are most important?

A
  • bioactivity

- degradation

AU17 - Dental Materials 3 (6 decks)

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