Dental lab Flashcards
What is diastema? What does diphyodont mean?
Diastema: interdental space
Diphyodonty: having deciduous and adult (or permanent) teeth; that has two successive sets of teeth during its lifetime.
What is meant when using the term “cheek teeth” in large animals?
Collective term of pre-molars and molars in large animals.
Be able to number a tooth with the triadan system. Ex. What tooth number is the last present molar on the upper left side in the horse? What about the lower right canine (or 4th incisor) in the bovine?
211 - last present molar on the upper left side
404- lower right canine (or 4th incisor in the bovine)
What is the equine deciduous dental formula? What is the equine adult formula?
Deciduous : 3030/3030 (ICPM)
Adult: 3133/3133
What about the equine adult dental formula with all canines present/erupted and upper wolf teeth?
Canine teeth are almost always present in males, but many females do not have canine teeth.
So adult formula is:
3033/3033.
Often females have a “blind tooth” which means that is present but never erupts from the gumline (it can be seen on x-ray).
What meant when a tooth is described as open rooted? Are horse teeth described as this?
continuously grow throughout a horse’s life, with the root remaining open and the tooth erupting as the grinding surface wears down.
Which teeth (by # and name) associated with the rostral and caudal maxillary sinuses in the horse?
Rostral maxillary sinus: 108-109 (208-209)
First pre-molar and first molar
Caudal maxillary: 110- 111 (210-211)
2nd and 3rd molar
Define points
Upper arcade of teeth being wider than the lower arcade, the upper and lower cheek do not oppose evenly. Excessive length to the buccal side of the upper cheek teeth or the lingual side of the lower cheek are referred to as points.
Define hooks
Sharp edges that form the overhang of the cheek teeth rostrally or caudally. The most common locations are the mesial surface of the first upper cheek tooth and the caudal surface of the last lower cheek tooth.
Define ramps
When cheek teeth possess excessive sloping to them, from rostral to caudal.
Define step mouth
A cheek teeth row that possesses one tooth that has erupted “unopposed”, so it sits above the rest of its arcade.
Define wave mouth
2 or more teeth in arcade are erupted “unopposed”, creating a series of ascending and declining occlusal surfaces.
Define “floating” teeth
(limar dientes)
the rasping off the surface of the teeth of the horse to create a more even surface for opposition.
Define quidding
Difficult in prehending food, or dropping masticated food from the mouth.
Define tooth/dental caps
deciduous cheek tooth that is retained after the adult tooth has erupted beneath it.
Dental tooth bumps
Irregular contour in younger horses of the mandible on its ventral surface. Irregularities represents the roots of the fully developed but not yet erupted cheek teeth.
List the eruption pattern for the deciduous incisors in the horse.
6 days: 1st incisors
6 weeks: 2nd incisor
6 months: 3rd incisor
List the eruption pattern for the adult incisors in the horse.
2.5 years: 1st incisor
3.5 years: 2nd incisor
4.5 years: 3rd incisor
What is the ruminant deciduous dental formula?
0030/3130
What is the ruminant adult dental formula?
0033/3133
What are those formula if the lower canine teeth are considered 4th incisors?
Deciduous:
0030/4030 ICPM (w/canine as incisor) 0030/3130 not incisor
Adult: 0033/4033 (w canine as incisor)
0033/3133 not incisor
What is the dental pad and what teeth has it taken the place of?
Ruminants lack upper incisors and canines. Instead they have a dental pad and a thick cornified structure.
How long do the cattle and sheep and goats retain their deciduous incisors (all “4” of them)? In other words, at which point does the adult first/ central incisor erupt? Cattle vs small ruminant and how is it different.
Cattle: under 18 months of age should still possess all their deciduous incisors.
Sheep or goat under the age of a year should possess all their deciduous incisors.
Define hypsodont
Meaning high crowned. Both ruminants and horses are classified like this.
