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C1.2 > Dental Hard Tissue > Flashcards

Dental Hard Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is are the two categories of periodontal tissue?

List 4 dental tissue for each category.

A

Mineralised/hard: alveolar bone, cementum, dentine, enamel

Non-mineralised/soft: oral mucosa, dental pulp, gingiva, periodontal ligaments

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2
Q

Which one of the 8 types of periodontal tissue can provide stem cells which differentiate into mineralised bone?

A

PDL

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3
Q

Composition of dentine (in percentages)?

A

70% Inorganic mineral salts (mainly HA in collagen matrix) + 20% Organic substance (protein)+ 10% H2O

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4
Q

Non-collagenous proteins include… (6)

A

Non-collagenous proteins include: DSPP, proteoglycans, gla-proteins, acidic proteins, growth factors, lipids

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5
Q

What does DSPP stand for and what is its function (2)?

A

Dentine sialo phosphoproteins ; Regulates crystal growth and mineralisation of collagen fibres within ECM

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6
Q

What tissue forms the bulk of the teeth?

A

Dentine

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7
Q

What is the colour of dentine

A

yellow

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8
Q

Major feature of dentine?

A

Dentinal Tubules

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9
Q

Dentinal tubules are h…. and have processes of cell bodies (o………).

A

Hollow

Odontoblasts

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10
Q

What cells stimulate ameloblasts?

A

Odontoblasts

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11
Q

What makes dentine permeable?

A

The hollow structure of the tubules within the collagenous matrix

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12
Q

what are Shreger Lines/Primary curvatures?

A

Sigmoidal/S Shape of dentinal tubules

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13
Q

Where are odontoblast cell bodies located (what junction)? Above or below pre-dentine?

A

DPJ - dentine-pulp junction

Just below

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14
Q

Function of dentine (4)

A
  • Vital tissue
    • Sensitive to stimuli
    • Act as “shock absorber”, dissipating large
      loads/forces throughout tooth structure; highly
      elastic
    • Formed throughout life of tooth
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15
Q

Hardest to least hardest out of…

  • Enamel
  • Dentine
  • Bone
  • Cementum
A

Enamel
Dentine
Bone and Cementum

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16
Q

3 types of dentine and define each type

A

Primary= Formed prior to apical completion; more formed rapidly and mineralised than 2nd
Secondary=formed post root completion; more slowly formed and less mineralised than 1st
Tertiary= formed as a result of injury; irregular pattern of tubules and produced by local cells in area of trauma/stimulus

17
Q

Which type of dentine are circumpulpal, pertiubular, intratubular, mantle dentine from? And define each

A

Primary Dentine
Peritubular: located in walls of tubules; highly calcified
Intratubular: located between tubules; highly calcified
Mantle: Outermost layer of 1st
Circumpulpal: located around the pulp, uniform structure except around the edges

18
Q

Which type of dentine makes up the bulk of dentine? (1/2/3 and what specifically)

A

Primary, circumpulpal

19
Q

Two types of tertiary dentine and definitions

A

○ Reactionary: derived from pre-existing dentine

○ Reparative: derives from newly odontoblasts (created pulpal progenitor cells)

20
Q

Define sclerotic, translucent and dead tracts

A
  • Translucent: caused as of ageing tubules, blocked via peritubular, more pronounced at the root apex
  • Sclerotic: occlusion/blocking of tubules caused via external stimulus (similar to translucent but linked with stimulus NOT formed by odontoblasts)
  • Dead tracts: odontoblasts killed by external stimulus; leaving hollow tubules which can then be filled with sclerotic. Appear dark under microscope
21
Q

What are Lines of Von Ebner and are they linked with dentine or enamel?

A

Dentine Linked

show cyclic activity of odontoblast during dentine formation

22
Q

What are Schreger Lines (primary curvature) and are they dentine or enamel linked?

A

Dentine Linked

tubules following sigmoid route

23
Q

How are dentine and enamel linked?

A

Dentine must be present for enamel formation; ameloblasts must be present for dentinogenesis to continue

24
Q

Does enamel harden and mature before or after tooth eruption?

A

Before

25
Q

Where is enamel the thickest?

A

Cuspal/Incisal region

26
Q

What colour is enamel?

A

Translucent but it can vary from light yellow to greyish/blue white

27
Q

What do teeth appear whiter in primary dentition than in permanent dentition?

A

Primary Dentition has more opaque crystalline form therefore appear whiter than permanent dentition

28
Q

Why does enamel appear yellower as a person ages?

A

Enamel gets thinner over time as of wear and so dentine (which is yellow) becomes more visible.

29
Q

Functions of enamel (4)

A

Mastication
Aesthetic
Protective
Dissipation of forces

30
Q

Composition equation of enamel

A

96-97% Mineral Salts (HA, F-, carbohydrates) + 3-4% Organic substance (fibrillar matrix)

31
Q

What is the structure of enamel composed of (3)?

They are visible under light microscopes

A 
Enamel Rods (prism)
Rod sheaths - Distinct thin layer peripheral to the rods
inter-rod substance (cement)
32
Q

What are Striae of Retzius and are they linked with dentine or enamel?

A

Enamel linked
Dark lines form DEJ towards surface of tooth, form because of weekly rhythm of enamel production causing structural alteration of rods, 4micrometer intervals

33
Q

What are Bands of Hunter and Schreger and are they enamel or dentine linked?

A

Enamel

Optical phenomena caused by changing orientation of adjacent rods

34
Q

What is gnarled enamel and is it enamel or dentine linked?

A

Enamel
Are like a geological fault, project from the DEJ for a short distance into the enamel contain greater concentration of enamel than the rest of the enamel

35
Q

What is perikymata and is it dentine or enamel linked?

A

Enamel
Enamel lamella, wave like transverse groves, external incremental lines of retzius, project from DEJ for short distance into enamel - No clinical significance

C1.2 (1 decks)

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