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Dentistry module 1 - oral examination > Dental Embyrology > Flashcards

Dental Embyrology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the stages of dental embryology?

A
  1. Crown development

2. Root development

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2
Q

What makes up crown development?

A
  1. Bud
  2. Cap
  3. Bell
  4. Crown
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3
Q

How do teeth develop?

A

As a result of the interaction between infolding of the ectoderm (the dental lamina) and the underlying mesenchymal neural crest

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4
Q

What are the ectodermal proliferations termed as?

A

Placodes

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5
Q

What are the buds?

A

As the tissues extend deeper into the mesenchyme, they become more organised and become the dental buds

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6
Q

What is the cap?

A

When the bud starts to take a dome-like structure over the dental papilla

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7
Q

What is the bell?

A

A two layered structure of ectodermal tissues

  1. The outer enamel epithelium
  2. The inner enamel epithelium
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8
Q

What is the function of the OEE?

A

To form a protective layer over the dental organ

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9
Q

What is the function of the IEE?

A

To form the ameloblast

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10
Q

What do the ameloblast produce?

A

Enamel

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11
Q

What is the stellate reticulum?

A

A layer of loose reticular cells that are enclosed by the IEE and OEE

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12
Q

What is the function of the stellate reticulum?

A

Cushioning and protecting the dental organ; and allowing vascular fluids to reach the underlying tissues

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13
Q

What is the stratum intermedium?

A

The area between the stellate reticulum and the IEE

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14
Q

What is the dental papilla?

A

The area of differentiating mesenchyme over which the Dental Cap or Bell sites

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15
Q

Which part of the above is the primordial pulp tissue of the tooth?

A

The dental papilla

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16
Q

What is the Rests of Serres?

A

Ectodermal remnants that remain in the mesenchymal tissues after the dental lamina fragments

17
Q

How are pre-ameloblasts formed?

A

When the cells of the IEE at the area of the Stratum Intermedium become taller

18
Q

How are odontoblasts formed?

A

The peripheral cells of the dental papilla become cuboidal or low columnar and become odontoblasts

19
Q

What do the odontoblasts form?

A

The secrete a mucopolysaccharide ground substance and collagen fibres

20
Q

Why to the pre-ameloblasts change form?

A

Due to a change in nutritional supply

21
Q

How are ameloblasts form?

A

The nucleus of the pre-ameloblasts move outwards towards the Stratum Intermedium, and they develop into ameloblasts

22
Q

What do the ameloblasts form?

A

They secrete enamel matrix

23
Q

What is the cervical loop?

A

At the cervical margin, the OEE and IEE are adjacent, which becomes known as the cervical loop

24
Q

What is Hertwig’s Root Sheath?

A

As the cervical loop grows down into the mesenchyme, it becomes known as Hertwig’s Root Sheath

25
Q

What stimulates the dental papilla to differentiate into odontoblasts?

A

The ectodermal cells of the root sheath

26
Q

What do odotoblasts secrete?

A

Root dentine

27
Q

What is the Rests of Malassez?

A

Where the Hertwig’s root sheath remnants remain in the developing periodontal ligament

28
Q

What is the function of the Rests of Malassez?

A

They play a role in the regulation of the PDL

29
Q

What may develop if the Rests of Malassez are stimulated later in life?

A

A radicular cyst may develop

30
Q

How are cementoblasts formed?

A

As the Hertwig’s Root Sheath disintegrates, the outer portion of the root dentine that has been produced by the odontoblasts comes into direct contact with undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of the Dental follicle, leading to differentiation into cementoblasts

31
Q

How is cementum formed?

A

Cementoblasts secrete cementoid, which then becomes mineralised into cementum

32
Q

What are cementocytes?

A

Cementoblasts that have become trapped within cementoid

33
Q

How is the PDL formed?

A

The disruption of the Hertwig’s root sheath allows differentiation of the surrounding dental follicle mesenchymal cells to form fibroblasts to create the complex series of ligament fibre groups comprising the PDL

Dentistry module 1 - oral examination (3 decks)

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