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BDS2 Oral Biology > Dental Development > Flashcards

Dental Development Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

all body tissue develop from 3 primary embryonic layers

A

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

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2
Q

tooth enamel is derived from

A

ectoderm

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3
Q

tooth structure other than enamel derived from

A

ectomesenchyme

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4
Q

teeth develop from

A

tooth germs

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5
Q

ectomesenchyme

A

part of neural crest that develops beside primitive nervous system

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6
Q

neural crest

A

forms between ectoderm and neural tube, collection of stem cells
also called ectomesenchyme
migrates into developing face and jaw

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7
Q

mandibulofacial dysostosis

A

failure of ectomesenchyme cells to migrate
distance between interpupillary is greater, ear position is low amd malformation, smaller mandible, crowding of mouth

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8
Q

tooth initiation stages

A
  1. initiation
  2. morphogenesis
  3. cytodifferentiation
  4. matrix secretion
  5. dentine and enamel formation
  6. root formation
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9
Q

initiation stage

A

process forming face, mandibular process joins together to form mandible
frontal nasial process and maxillary process sync together to from maxilla
primary epithelial band is formed

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10
Q

primary epithelial band

A

develops 6weeks i.u.l
appears as thickening in epithelium of embryonic mouth
oral epithelium is thickening forming epithelial badnand then forms dental lamina

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11
Q

dentinal lamina

A

approx 7 weeks i.u.l
PEB grown into jaw and divided into 2 parts
- vestibular lamina = breaks down to buccal sulcus
- dental lamina = enamel organ develops from

horse shoe structure, thickness of regions called tooth germs

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12
Q

morphogenesis

A

after dental lamina - beginning of shape and structure
2 stages - bud and cap

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13
Q

bud stage

A

enamel organ
8-10i.u.l
dental lamina thickens into bud stage enamel organ
ectomesenchymal appears around bud = dental papilla

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14
Q

bud to cap stage

A

rearrangemet of shape, becomes like a cap, enamel organ associated with ectomesenchyme cells

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15
Q

cap stage

A

11weeks i.u.l
enamel forms cap over papilla
- internal enamel epithelium
- external enamel epithelium
IEE AND EEE meet and cervical loop

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16
Q

placodes

A

different way bud stage forms

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17
Q

ectodermal dysplasia

A

affects embryonic structures gives rise to har follicles, teeth, nails
syndrome
all derived from same, not teeth but others as well

18
Q

hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

A

absence/hypodontia of a number of teeth
severe - absence of teeth and hair, both affected due to dental placodes in same process
gene therapy

19
Q

cytodifferentiation

A

shape of the tooth is formed, cells start to function differenly, differentiating into ameloblasts and odontoblasts

20
Q

cytodifferentiation bell stage

A

14weeks i.u.l
tooth has shape/form, matrix produced to generate tooth structures,shape being defined
4 layers of enamel
- stratum intermedium
- stellate reticulum
- IEE
- EEE

21
Q

stellate reticulum

A

formed un bell stage
filled with glycogen providing ameloblasts for energy and produce matrix
odontoblasts forming dentine take energy fom dental papilla

22
Q

direction of differentiation

A

DOWNWARDS
starts apically, continues down towards cervical loop

23
Q

permanent tooth germ

A

as deciduous being formed, permanent start to be organised
12weeks, extension of lingual side of dental lamina, forms permanent teeth
16weeks, 1st perm molar tooth germ develops

24
Q

matrix secretion

A

after differentiation, organisation of enamel and dentine occurs

25
Q

late bell stage
matrix secretion

A

18weeks i.u.l
production of enamel and dentine
crown shape well defined, apposition enamel/dentine

26
Q

dentine and enamel formation

A

dental papilla adjacent to IEE differentiate into odontoblasts
odontoblasts lay down dentine, later mineralised
once detine formatio begun, IEE differentiates into ameloblasts which form enamel

27
Q

dentinogenesis

A

odontoblasts from IEE, deposition of dentine matrix
unmineralised - predentine, mineralised by hydroxyapatite
stem cells dufferentiate into odontoblasts and tertiary dentine

28
Q

enamel formation

A

highly mineralised 96%
2 stages
- protein matrix deposited, partially mineralised 30%
- once framework established, organic part removed and mineralisation complete [MATURATION]
ameloblasts change form and function several during amelogenesis

29
Q

amelogenesis phases

A
  1. morphogenic
  2. histodifferentiation
  3. secretory initial
  4. secretory tomes process
  5. maturation ruffl ended
  6. maturative smooth
  7. protective
30
Q

amelogenesis differentiation

A

dentine induces IEE cells to differentiate into ameloblasts, they elongate becoming columnar, nuclues migrates to basal end of cell

31
Q

secretory amelogenesis

A

ameloblasts become secretory cells, synthesis and secrete enamel matrix proteins, partially mineralised

32
Q

maturation amelogenesis

A

most matrix proteins removed, mineral content of enamel is increased to 95%

33
Q

protection amelogenesis

A

ameloblasts regress to from protective layer, reduced enamel epithelium, involved in eruption, formation of epithelial attachment

34
Q

amelogenesis imperfecta

A

autosomal recessive hypoplastic hypomaturation
dull namel, lower mineralisation, easy caries, frail, breaks easy

35
Q

dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

dentine not developed or mineralised to the level it should be, no base for enamel so clean break, tooth wear, very damaging
cant see pulp, no pulp chamber, dentine low mineralisation so cannot differentiate from pulpal tissue

36
Q

root formation

A

crown formation complete before root formation begins
shape, arrangement and cervical loop must be present first

37
Q

how is the root formed

A

enamel organ maps shape of crown, EEE IEE meet at cervical loop, moving downwards
root shape defined by apical growth of cervical loop, now called Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath [HERS]
2 cell layer structure

38
Q

HERS

A

root dentine formation induced by odontoblasts
once initial layer of root dentine formed, HERS breaks up
remaining stays as debris of Malassez, could form cyst
mesenchymal cells from follicle contact dentine, differentiate into cementoblasts whcih form cementum
fibres from PDL in cementum = sharpeys fibres

39
Q

enamel organ info

A

tissue - epithelium
origin - ectoderm
products - enamel

40
Q

dental papilla info

A

tissue - ectomesenchyme
origin - neural crest
products - dentine, pulp

41
Q

dental follicle info

A

tissue - ectomesenchyme
origin - neural crest
products - cementum, PDL, alveolar bone

BDS2 Oral Biology (9 decks)

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