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Dental Biomaterials > Dental Cements > Flashcards

Dental Cements Flashcards

1
Q

What is a liner?

A

A paste material applied in a thin layer on dentine before placement of a restorative material

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2
Q

What is a base?

A

A material applied in a thicker layer on dentine, used to replace missing dentine

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3
Q

What are the functions of liners and bases?

A
  1. Sealing dentine tubules to reduce possible pulpal injury resulting from microleakage
  2. Thermal insulation (intolerable changes in pulp temp due to metallic fillings)
  3. Chemical insulation (to protect pulp against irritants in some fillings)
  4. Electrical insulation (galvanic current/shock - meeting of 2 dissimilar metals)
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4
Q

What is Calcium Hydroxide used for?

A
  1. Lining a deep cavity over a pulpal wall
  2. Indirect pulp capping (some softened dentine may be left over pulp)
  3. Direct pulp capping (deep carious lesions involving exposure of the pulp or traumatic pulp exposure)
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5
Q

What is the composition of Calcium Hydroxide?

A

Base
1. 50% Ca(OH)2 - main reactive ingredient
2. 10% ZnO - (main reactive ingredient)
3. 0.5% Zinc stearate (accelerator)
4. 39.5% Ethyl toluene sulphonamide (oil compound acts as a carrier)

Catalyst
1. 40% Glycol salicylate (main reactive ingredient)
2 Inert filler pigments and radio pacifiers - Titanium dioxide, calcium sulphate, calcium tungstate.

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6
Q

What is the action of Calcium Hydroxide?

A
  1. Stimulates dentine deposition
  2. High alkalinity irritates odontoblasts causing stimulation for reparative dentine to be laid down.
  3. Does not seal dentinal tubules causing microleakage (unlike GIC)
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7
Q

What are the advantages of Calcium Hydroxide?

A
  1. Stimulation of reparative dentine
  2. Physical barrier
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8
Q

What are the disadvantages of Calcium Hydroxide?

A
  1. Low compressive strength
  2. Soluble
  3. Non-adherent to dentine
  4. High pH
  5. Exothermic reaction
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9
Q

What is the mixing time of Calcium Hydroxide?

A

10s

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10
Q

What is the working time of Calcium Hydroxide?

A

2 mins 20s

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11
Q

What is the setting time of Calcium Hydroxide?

A

2.5-3.5 mins

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12
Q

?What are the uses of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A
  1. Temporary restorations
  2. Bases
  3. Temporary luting cements
  4. Endodontic sealers
  5. Impressional material
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13
Q

What is the composition of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A

Powder:
• Zinc oxide (main reactive ingredient)
• Rosin (reduces brittleness)
• Zinc acetate (accelerator)
• Zinc stearate (plasticiser)

Liquid
• Eugenol (main reactive ingredient)
• Olive oil (to control viscosity)
• Acetic acid (accelerator)

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14
Q

What are the advantages of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A

 Sedative
 Bactericidal
 Adequate mechanical properties
 Inexpensive
 Good track record

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15
Q

What are the disadvantages of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A

 Difficult to mix
 Opaque
 Does not bond to tooth
 Interacts with resin composite
 Soluble in the mouth

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16
Q

What is the mixing time of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A

1-1.5 mins

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17
Q

What is the working time of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A

2 mins

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18
Q

What is the setting time of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A

3.5-4.5 mins

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19
Q

What is the powder:liquid ratio of Zinc Oxide Eugenol?

A

5:1 by weight

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20
Q

What are the uses of Zinc Phosphate cement?

A
  1. Base (but avoid if in close proximity to pulp)
  2. Long-term temporary restoration
  3. Cementation of: Inlays, Onlays, Metal-based crowns & bridges (not ceramic)
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21
Q

What is the composition of Zinc Phosphate cement?

A

Powder
 Zinc oxide (90%) (main reactive ingredient)
 Metal oxides (10%):
• Magnesium oxide (colour & strength)
• Aluminium oxide (strength)
• Silicone dioxide (colour & reaction)

Liquid
 Aqueous solution of Phosphoric aid (50-60% conc)
 Phosphoric acid + aluminium (buffer)
 Phosphoric acid + zinc (stabilizer, reduces reactivity & increases working time)

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22
Q

What are the advantages of Zinc Phosphate Cement?

A

 Relatively easy to mix
 Sufficient working time
 Acceptable properties for purpose
 Cheap
 Long successful track record

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23
Q

What are the disadvantage of Zinc Phosphate Cement?

A

 Possibly irritant to pulp – exothermic reaction
 Does not bond to tooth tissue or restorative materials
 Brittle
 No antibacterial effects
 Opaque

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24
Q

What is the mixing time of Zinc phosphate cement?

A

1.5 mins

25
Q

What is the working time of Zinc phosphate cement?

A

2.5 mins

26
Q

What is the setting time of Zinc Phosphate cement?

A

5-6 mins for cementation; 3 mins for base

27
Q

What are the uses of Zinc Polycarboxylate?

A
  1. Temporary restorations
    • Useful for non-retentive cavities
    • Sedative – doesn’t enter dentine tubules
    • Good under resin-based composite restorations
  2. Bases
    • Good adherence
  3. Luting of metal & metal-ceramic crowns or bridges
28
Q

What is the composition of Zinc Polycarboxylate?

A

 Powder
• Zinc oxide (main reactive ingredient)
• Stannous fluoride (improves set, fluoride release)
• Magnesium oxide (densifier, colour)
• Silica (improves sintering in manufacture)
• Alumina (forms complex with acid)

 Liquid
• Polyacrylic acid (main reactive indredient)
• Itaconic acid (stabilises liquid)
• Maleic acid (reactive)

29
Q

What are the advantages of Zinc Polycarboxylate cement?

A

 Bonds to tooth or restorative materials
 Long term durability
 Acceptable mechanical properties
 Relatively inexpensive
 Long & successful track record

30
Q

What are the disadvantages of Zinc Polycarboxylate cement?

A

 Difficult to mix
 Opaque
 Soluble (particularly if stannous fluoride included)
 Ill defined set

31
Q

What is the mixing time for Zinc Polycarboxylate cement?

A

15-20 secs

32
Q

What is the working time for Zinc Polycarboxylate cement?

A

2-2.5 mins

33
Q

What is the setting time for Zinc Polycarboxylate cement?

A

4.5-7 mins

34
Q

What is the mixing ratio (powder:water) for a base/temporary made of zinc polycarboxylate cement?

A

2 scoops: 2 drops

35
Q

What is the mixing ratio (powder:water) for a luting cement made of zinc polycarboxylate cement?

A

1 scoop: 2 drops

36
Q

What are the general properties of biodentine?

A

 Bioactive & biocompatible dentine substitute
 Natural micro-mechanical anchorage in the dentine tubules for excellent sealing properties without surface preparation
 Similar mechanical properties as dentine

37
Q

What is the composition of biodentine?

A

Powder
1. Tricalcium silicate (main component)
2. Dicalcium silicate (second core component)
3. Calclium carbonate (filler)
4. Calcium oxide (filler)
5. Iron dioxide (shade)
6. Zirconium dioxide (radiopacifier)

Liquid:
1. Water
2. Super plasticising agents (reduces
water content)

38
Q

What are the indications of biodentine in the crown?

A
  1. Temporary enamel restoration
  2. Permanent enamel restoration
  3. Deep or large carious lesions
  4. Deep cervical lesions
  5. Pulp capping
  6. Pulpotomy
39
Q

What are the indications of biodentine in the root?

A
  1. Root & furcation perforations
  2. Internal/ external resorptions
  3. Apexification
  4. Retrograde surgical filling
40
Q

What is the mixing and placement time of biodentine?

A

6 mins

41
Q

What is the setting time in the mouth of biodentine?

A

6 mins

42
Q

How long should be waited before you place a permanent restoration over biodentine?

A

48 hrs

43
Q

What is Tempbond (ZnOE) used for?

A
  • Self curing temporary cement
  • Temporary crowns, bridges or splints of trial cementation of permanent restorations
44
Q

How do you mix Tempbond?

A

Equal lengths of accelerator and base on mixing pad

45
Q

What is the mixing time of Tempbond?

A

30s

46
Q

What is the working time of Tempbond?

A

3.5 mins

47
Q

What is the setting time of Tempbond?

A

2 mins

48
Q

What are the uses of Aquacem?

A

Permanent luting cement for Crowns, Bridges, Inlays, Onlays & Orthodontic bands.

49
Q

What is the composition of Aquacem?

A

 Powder
• Calcium-sodium-fluoro-phosphoroaluminium-silicate
• Polyacrylic acid
• Tartaric acid
• Ferricoxide

 Liquid
• Distilled water

50
Q

What are the advantages of Aquacem?

A

 Safe & easy to use
 Anticariogenic – fluoride release
 High compressive strength
 Low solubility
 Low film thickness
 Radiopacity
 Translucency

51
Q

What are the disadvantages of Aquacem?

A

 Opaque
 Not suitable for short/ unretentive tooth preparations

52
Q

What is the mixing time of Aquacem?

A

15s

53
Q

What is the working time of Aquacem?

A

2.5 mins

54
Q

What is the setting time of Aquacem?

A

3.5-5 mins

55
Q

What is the mixing ratio of Aquacem? (Powder:water)

A

1 scoop powder: 2 drops liquid

56
Q

What are the indications of Panavia?

A
  1. Cementation of metal crowns and bridges, inlays and onlays
  2. Cementation of porcelain crowns, inlays, onlays and veneers
  3. Cementation of composite resin crowns, inlays and onlays
  4. Cementation of adhesion bridges
  5. Cementation of endodontic cores and pre-fabricated posts
  6. Amalgam bonding
57
Q

What are the contraindications of Panavia?

A
  1. Patients with allergies to methacrylate polymers
  2. Patients with an allergy to acetone (alloy primers)
58
Q

What are the possible side effects of Panavia?

A

Mucous membrane may turn white if in contact with the primer due to protein coagulation. (Will resolve in a few days)

59
Q

In which situation is Panavia incompatible?

A
  • Eugenol containing materials should not be used to protect the pulp or for temporary sealing as they retard the curing process
  • Haemostatics containing ferric compounds since they may impair adhesion and remaining ferric ion may cause discolouration in margin or surrounding gingivae.
  • Do not mix Panavia F with Panavia 2.0 as paste will not fully set on light curing.

Dental Biomaterials (5 decks)

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