Dental Anomalies

Question 1

Classifications of Abnormalities

Answer 1

1. Abnormal Number
2. Abnormal Size
3. Abnormal Shape
4. Abnormal Calcification and Apposition

Question 2

Developmental Stages

Answer 2

1. Dental Lamina and Bud Stage
2. Cap Stage
3. Bell Stage
4. Root Development

Question 3

Dental Lamina and Bud Stage

Answer 3

• Epithelial thickening
• Dental lamina
• Enamel organ

Question 4

Cap Stage

Answer 4

Inner and Outer Enamel Epithelium

Question 5

Bell Stage

Answer 5

• Tooth Form Identified
• DEJ
• Enamel and Dentin Formation

Question 6

Root Development

Answer 6

• CEJ formation

- Dentin and Cementum Formation

Question 7

Physiological Processes of Development

Answer 7

1. Initiation
2. Proliferation
3. Histodifferentiation
4. Morphodifferentiation
5. Apposition

Question 8

Initiation

Answer 8

• Dental Lamina and Bud Stage

- Existence of the teeth

Question 9

Proliferation

Answer 9

• Bud, Cap, and Bell Stages

- General shape and size

Question 10

Histodifferentiation

Answer 10

• Late Cap and Bell Stages

- Dentin and Enamel forming cells

Question 11

Morphodifferentiation

Answer 11

• Bud, Cap, and Bell Stages
• Shape and size of teeth affected
• Dentin and enamel NOT affected

Question 12

Apposition

Answer 12

• Bell Stage and Root Development

- Enamel and Dentin Formation

Question 13

Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Causes of Abnormalities

Answer 13

• Intrinsic: Hereditary and Metabolic Disturbances

- Extrinsic: Physical or Chemical Trauma, Nutrition, Environment

Question 14

Congenital Abnormalities

Answer 14

Caused by Extrinsic or Intrinsic Factors and occurring at or before birth

Question 15

Anodontia

Answer 15

• Complete and Partial

- 3rd molars, maxillary lateral incisors, and mandibular 2nd premolars

Question 16

Supernumerary/Accessory Teeth

Answer 16

• Extra tooth buds
• Mesiodens: Maxillary midline
• Distodens: Posterior to 3rd molar

Question 17

Abnormal Size of Teeth

Answer 17

Morphodifferentiation Stage

Question 18

Abnormal Number of Teeth

Answer 18

Initiation Stage

Question 19

Macrodontia (True and False)

Answer 19

• True: Gigantism

- False: Incisors, Canines, and Mandibular 3rd Molars

Question 20

Microdontia (True and False)

Answer 20

• True: Dwarfism

- False: Maxillary lateral incisors, Maxillary 3rd molars

Question 21

Abnormal Shape of Teeth

Answer 21

Morphodifferentiation and Appositional Stages

Question 22

Taurodontism

Answer 22

• Crown greater proportion of tooth, CEJ lacks constriction

- Premolars and Molars

Question 23

Dilaceration

Answer 23

• Nonlinear Crown AND Root

- Injury or Pressure

Question 24

Flexion

Answer 24

• Nonlinear Root ONLY

- Injury or Pressure

Question 25

Gemination and "Twinning"

Answer 25

- Incomplete Splitting of Tooth Bud - Wide Mesio-distally - Incisors - "Twinning": Complete separation of tooth buds

Question 26

Dwarfed Roots

Answer 26

- Small roots and curved crowns | - Maxillary Incisors

Question 27

Hypercementosis

Answer 27

- Excess Cementum | - Trauma, pulp inflammation, metabolic causes

Question 28

Accessory Cusps

Answer 28

Molars and Incisors (Talon Cusps)

Question 29

Extra Roots

Answer 29

- 3rd Molars, Maxillary 1st Premolars, and Mandibular Anterior Teeth - Trauma, Pressure, and Metabolic Causes

Question 30

Fusion

Answer 30

- Union of Dentin and Enamel of Crown ONLY of 2 tooth buds with separate pulp chambers - Anterior teeth

Question 31

Concrescence

Answer 31

Union of root cementum after eruption

Question 32

Segmented Root

Answer 32

Break in Dentinogenesis

Question 33

Missing Cusps

Answer 33

- Lingual Cusp Mandibular 1st Premolar, Distolingual Cusp Maxillary 2nd Molar, Distal Cusp Mandibular 1st Molar

Question 34

Enamel Pearls

Answer 34

- Spherical Nodules at CEJ - Prone to periodontal disease - Apposition Stage - Molars

Question 35

Hutchinson's Teeth

Answer 35

- Deep Incisal Notch or "Mulberry" 1st Molars - Caused by Prenatal Syphilis - Morphodifferentiation Stage

Question 36

Dens in Dente

Answer 36

- Tooth in a Tooth - Reversed Enamel and Dentin - Maxillary Lateral Incisors

Question 37

Odontoma (Compound and Complex)

Answer 37

- Benign Tumor of Calcified Dentin Tissue - Trauma or Infection - Complex: No recognizable dental form - Compound: Recognizable dental form

Question 38

Abnormal Calcification and Apposition

Answer 38

- Enamel and Dentin Affected - Histodifferentiation and Appositional Processes - Enamel or Dentin Dysplasia

Question 39

Enamel Dysplasia (Hypoplasia and Hypocalcification)

Answer 39

- Bands, ridges, pits, and discoloration - Systemic or Hereditary - Enamel Hypoplasia: Enamel matrix formation - Enamel Hypocalcification: Enamel matrix maturation

Question 40

Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 40

- Type of Enamel Dysplasia - Absence or immature enamel and rough tooth surface - Prone to carries - Hereditary

Question 41

Dental Fluorosis

Answer 41

- Type of Enamel Hypocalcification - High Dietary Fluoride - White to brown bands - Resistant to dental caries

Question 42

Focal Hypomaturation

Answer 42

- Chalky, white, opaque appearance | - Prone to caries

Question 43

Turner's Teeth

Answer 43

- Broken incisal edge | - Trauma or infection

Question 44

Dentinal Dysplasia

Answer 44

- Dentin Matrix Formation and Calcification | - Histodifferentiation and Apposition

Question 45

Tetracycline Staining

Answer 45

From using antibiotic

Question 46

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 46

Weak dentin and no pulp chamber