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Dental Anatomy > Dental Anomalies > Flashcards

Dental Anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

Classifications of Abnormalities

A
  1. Abnormal Number
  2. Abnormal Size
  3. Abnormal Shape
  4. Abnormal Calcification and Apposition
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2
Q

Developmental Stages

A
  1. Dental Lamina and Bud Stage
  2. Cap Stage
  3. Bell Stage
  4. Root Development
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3
Q

Dental Lamina and Bud Stage

A
  • Epithelial thickening
  • Dental lamina
  • Enamel organ
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4
Q

Cap Stage

A

Inner and Outer Enamel Epithelium

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5
Q

Bell Stage

A
  • Tooth Form Identified
  • DEJ
  • Enamel and Dentin Formation
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6
Q

Root Development

A
  • CEJ formation

- Dentin and Cementum Formation

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7
Q

Physiological Processes of Development

A
  1. Initiation
  2. Proliferation
  3. Histodifferentiation
  4. Morphodifferentiation
  5. Apposition
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8
Q

Initiation

A
  • Dental Lamina and Bud Stage

- Existence of the teeth

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9
Q

Proliferation

A
  • Bud, Cap, and Bell Stages

- General shape and size

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10
Q

Histodifferentiation

A
  • Late Cap and Bell Stages

- Dentin and Enamel forming cells

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11
Q

Morphodifferentiation

A
  • Bud, Cap, and Bell Stages
  • Shape and size of teeth affected
  • Dentin and enamel NOT affected
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12
Q

Apposition

A
  • Bell Stage and Root Development

- Enamel and Dentin Formation

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13
Q

Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Causes of Abnormalities

A
  • Intrinsic: Hereditary and Metabolic Disturbances

- Extrinsic: Physical or Chemical Trauma, Nutrition, Environment

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14
Q

Congenital Abnormalities

A

Caused by Extrinsic or Intrinsic Factors and occurring at or before birth

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15
Q

Anodontia

A
  • Complete and Partial

- 3rd molars, maxillary lateral incisors, and mandibular 2nd premolars

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16
Q

Supernumerary/Accessory Teeth

A
  • Extra tooth buds
  • Mesiodens: Maxillary midline
  • Distodens: Posterior to 3rd molar
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17
Q

Abnormal Size of Teeth

A

Morphodifferentiation Stage

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18
Q

Abnormal Number of Teeth

A

Initiation Stage

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19
Q

Macrodontia (True and False)

A
  • True: Gigantism

- False: Incisors, Canines, and Mandibular 3rd Molars

20
Q

Microdontia (True and False)

A
  • True: Dwarfism

- False: Maxillary lateral incisors, Maxillary 3rd molars

21
Q

Abnormal Shape of Teeth

A

Morphodifferentiation and Appositional Stages

22
Q

Taurodontism

A
  • Crown greater proportion of tooth, CEJ lacks constriction

- Premolars and Molars

23
Q

Dilaceration

A
  • Nonlinear Crown AND Root

- Injury or Pressure

24
Q

Flexion

A
  • Nonlinear Root ONLY

- Injury or Pressure

25
Q

Gemination and “Twinning”

A
  • Incomplete Splitting of Tooth Bud
  • Wide Mesio-distally
  • Incisors
  • “Twinning”: Complete separation of tooth buds
26
Q

Dwarfed Roots

A
  • Small roots and curved crowns

- Maxillary Incisors

27
Q

Hypercementosis

A
  • Excess Cementum

- Trauma, pulp inflammation, metabolic causes

28
Q

Accessory Cusps

A

Molars and Incisors (Talon Cusps)

29
Q

Extra Roots

A
  • 3rd Molars, Maxillary 1st Premolars, and Mandibular Anterior Teeth
  • Trauma, Pressure, and Metabolic Causes
30
Q

Fusion

A
  • Union of Dentin and Enamel of Crown ONLY of 2 tooth buds with separate pulp chambers
  • Anterior teeth
31
Q

Concrescence

A

Union of root cementum after eruption

32
Q

Segmented Root

A

Break in Dentinogenesis

33
Q

Missing Cusps

A
  • Lingual Cusp Mandibular 1st Premolar, Distolingual Cusp Maxillary 2nd Molar, Distal Cusp Mandibular 1st Molar
34
Q

Enamel Pearls

A
  • Spherical Nodules at CEJ
  • Prone to periodontal disease
  • Apposition Stage
  • Molars
35
Q

Hutchinson’s Teeth

A
  • Deep Incisal Notch or “Mulberry” 1st Molars
  • Caused by Prenatal Syphilis
  • Morphodifferentiation Stage
36
Q

Dens in Dente

A
  • Tooth in a Tooth
  • Reversed Enamel and Dentin
  • Maxillary Lateral Incisors
37
Q

Odontoma (Compound and Complex)

A
  • Benign Tumor of Calcified Dentin Tissue
  • Trauma or Infection
  • Complex: No recognizable dental form
  • Compound: Recognizable dental form
38
Q

Abnormal Calcification and Apposition

A
  • Enamel and Dentin Affected
  • Histodifferentiation and Appositional Processes
  • Enamel or Dentin Dysplasia
39
Q

Enamel Dysplasia (Hypoplasia and Hypocalcification)

A
  • Bands, ridges, pits, and discoloration
  • Systemic or Hereditary
  • Enamel Hypoplasia: Enamel matrix formation
  • Enamel Hypocalcification: Enamel matrix maturation
40
Q

Amelogenesis Imperfecta

A
  • Type of Enamel Dysplasia
  • Absence or immature enamel and rough tooth surface
  • Prone to carries
  • Hereditary
41
Q

Dental Fluorosis

A
  • Type of Enamel Hypocalcification
  • High Dietary Fluoride
  • White to brown bands
  • Resistant to dental caries
42
Q

Focal Hypomaturation

A
  • Chalky, white, opaque appearance

- Prone to caries

43
Q

Turner’s Teeth

A
  • Broken incisal edge

- Trauma or infection

44
Q

Dentinal Dysplasia

A
  • Dentin Matrix Formation and Calcification

- Histodifferentiation and Apposition

45
Q

Tetracycline Staining

A

From using antibiotic

46
Q

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

A

Weak dentin and no pulp chamber

Dental Anatomy (3 decks)

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