dental anomalies

Question 1

When do dental anomalies occur

Answer 1

can occur at various stages of the dental development

Question 2

How can describe anomalies in the number of teeth

Answer 2

1. Hyperdontia
2. Hypodontia
3. Retained

Question 3

What is hyperdontia

Answer 3

Increased number of teeth than expected

Question 4

What is hypodontia

Answer 4

Missing or less number of teeth than expected

Question 5

What is another term for hyperdontia

Answer 5

Supernumerary teeth

Question 6

Where is hyperdontia most commonly seen

Answer 6

Midline between the centra incisors and in the premolar molar area

Question 7

What can hyperdontia be associated with

Answer 7

Cleidocranial dysostosis
Gardener syndrome
Cleft lip and palate

Question 8

Name a common form of hyperdontia

Answer 8

Mesiodens

Question 9

What are Mesiodens

Answer 9

It is a supernumerary tooth present in the midline between the two central incisors

Question 10

What does mesiodens usually cause

Answer 10

1. Malocclusion
2. Food impaction
3. Poor aesthetics
4. Cyst formation

Question 11

What is the prevalence of mesiodens

Answer 11

0.09-2.05%

Question 12

Describe the supernumerary tooth present in Mesiodens

Answer 12

Often peg shaped Tooth or small rudimentary supernumerary teeth found at the midline between the central incisors

Question 13

What is hypodontia usually due to

Answer 13

Obstruction of the dental lamina and/or lack of space for the development or failure of initiation of the mesenchyme

Question 14

Which teeth are usually affected by hypodontia

Answer 14

Permanent teeth are mostly affected
3rd molars - 2nd molars- maxillary lateral incisors

Question 15

What can hypodontia be associated with

Answer 15

Ectodermal dysplasia
Cleft lip and palate

Question 16

Name the different types of hypodontia

Answer 16

1. Oligodontia- more than 6 missing teeth
2. Anodontia- complete loss of teeth in the arch

Question 17

What problems can a retained deciduous tooth lead to

Answer 17

Can lead to malocclusion or prevent permanetn successor from erupting

Question 18

How can we describe anomalies in the teeth related to size

Answer 18

1. Macrodontia
2. Microdontia

Question 19

What is macrodontia

Answer 19

Describes teeth that are bigger than normal

Question 20

What is microdontia

Answer 20

Describes teeth that are smaller than normal

Question 21

How can we describe anomalies in the teeth related to shape

Answer 21

1. Dens evagintus
2. Dens invagintus
3. Germination and fusion

Question 22

What is dens evaginitus?

Answer 22

enamel pearls on the occlusal surface

Question 23

What is dens invaginitus

Answer 23

Is a tooth within a tooth

Question 24

What is another term for dens invaginitus?

Answer 24

Dens on dens

Question 25

What is fusion

Answer 25

a fused supernumerary tooth

Question 26

What is germination

Answer 26

Twinned tooth

Question 27

Which teeth are usually affected by macrodontia

Answer 27

Maxillary canines

Question 28

What diseases can be associated with macrodontia

Answer 28

Pituitary gigantism Craniofacial dystosis Congenital facial hemihypertrophy

Question 29

Which teeth are most commonly affected by microdontia

Answer 29

Maxillary lateral

Question 30

Which diseases can be associated with microdontia

Answer 30

Downs sydrome ectodermal dysplasia

Question 31

What problems are associated with dens evagintaus

Answer 31

Can affect mastication Pulp can contain pulp tissue

Question 32

How can we describe anomalies in the teeth related to structure

Answer 32

1. Amelogenisis imperfecta 2. Dentinogeneisis imperfecta 3. Dentin dysplasia 4. Molar incisor hypominerlaisation

Question 33

What is amelogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 33

A hereditary condition affecting the enamel of ALL teeth caused by gene mutations

Question 34

Name the 3 types of amelogenesis imperfecta

Answer 34

1. Hypoplastic 2. Hypocalcification 3. Hypomaturation

Question 35

Describe hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta

Answer 35

Pitted discoloured enamel very prone to caries and attrition associated with an open bite and caused by a mutation in the matrix poretin codign genes

Question 36

What is dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) characterised by

Answer 36

Abnormal dentine structure

Question 37

List the types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

Answer 37

type I type ii type iii

Question 38

Describe DGI type 1

Answer 38

It is associated with osteogenesis imperfecta and mutations in COL1A and COL2A

Question 39

Describe DGI type II

Answer 39

Associated with loss of hearing at older ages and mutation in gene encoding DSPP

Question 40

Describe DGI type iii

Answer 40

Ashkenazi jewish ethnicity and mutation in gene encoding DSPP

Question 41

What is dentine dysplasia related to

Answer 41

Malformation of the dentine

Question 42

How many types of dentine dysplasia are there

Answer 42

Type I and type II

Question 43

Describe dentine dysplasia type I

Answer 43

Crown is normal radiographically Both dentitions are affected Roots are rudimentary and sharp Incomplete pulp obliteration Extreme tooth mobility and premature exfoliation

Question 44

Describe dentine dysplasia type II

Answer 44

mostly affects the primary dentition if permanent dentition affects shows as thinner roots and occasional pulp stones

Question 45

What can molar incisor hypomineralisation lead o

Answer 45

Leads to chipping of enamel, discolouration of teeth

Question 46

List some systemic syndromes associated with dental anomalies

Answer 46

1. Ectodermal dysplasia 2. 2. Cleiodocrania dysostosis

Question 47

What is ectodermal dysplasia

Answer 47

Comprises of a large heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that are defined by primary defects in the development of 2 or more tissues derived from embryonic ectoderm

Question 48

Which tissues are involved in ectodermal dysplasia

Answer 48

The skin and its appendages