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Dental Anatomy > Dental Anatomy Exam 5 > Flashcards

Dental Anatomy Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of papillae?

A

Circumvallate, Fungiform, Filiform, & Foliate

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2
Q

What is Circumvallate Papillae?

A
  • v-shaped row of circular papillae

- consists of taste buds: salty, sweet, sour, and bitter

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3
Q

What is Fungiform Papillae?

A

anterior 2/3s of the tongue have tiny, round, raised spots

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4
Q

What is Filiform Papillae?

A

-anterior 2/3s of the tongue is covered with tiny pointed projections of parakertanized to keratinized epithelium

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5
Q

What is hairy tongue?

A

-filiform papillae; the epithelia on these papillae grow very long and trap between the food and pigments originating from oral bacteria and food

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6
Q

(Filiform papillae); epithelia of these papillae are lost, and the surface in that area becomes very smooth

A

glossitis

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7
Q

What is Foliate Papillae?

A

papillae located in the posterior lateral border of the tongue an area where oral cancer can begin!!!

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8
Q

What are gingival fibers?

A

fibers that run from the cementum into the free and attached gingival area; supports the gingiva

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9
Q

What are circular gingival fibers?

A

fibers that run around the tooth in free gingiva and hold gingiva against the tooth

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10
Q

What is acellular cementum?

A

cementoblasts remain on the surface rather than becoming trapped within the cementum

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11
Q

What is cellular cementum?

A

it is more responsive to remodeling itself; located in apical 1/3 of the root

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12
Q

What is hypercementosis?

A

cellular cementum at the apex of the root tends to (increase in thickness) with the passage of time and (as a result of stress causing thickening)

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13
Q

What are the 3 peridontal ligament fiber groups?

A

Gingival fibers, Transseptal fibers, and Alveolodental fibers

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14
Q

What are the functions of each PDL fiber group?

A

Gingival: run from the cementum into the free and attached gingival area
Transseptal: run from the cementum of the interproximal portion of one tooth, across the alveolar crest of bone, to the cementum of the interproximal portion of the adjacent tooth
Alveolodental: run from cementum to alveolar bone

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15
Q

What are the groups within the alveolodental fibers called?

A 
Alveolar Crest
Horizontal
Oblique
Apical
Interradicular
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16
Q

Alveolar Crest Group:

A

runs from cementum, slightly ‘apical’ to the alveolar crest of the bone; it helps resist horizontal movements of teeth

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17
Q

Horizontal Group:

A

runs from the cementum ‘horizontally’ to the alveolar crest; (helps resist horizontal movement)

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18
Q

Oblique Group:

A

runs from the cementum into the alveolar bone; resists “o”cclusal stresses

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19
Q

Apical Group:

A

runs from the ‘apex’ of the tooth into the adjacent alveolar bone; resists forces trying to pull the tooth from its socket

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20
Q

Interradicular Group:

A

found ONLY on multirooted teeth; runs from the alveolar crest of the bone between the roots of the tooth to adjacent cementum

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21
Q

If the opposing tooth is lost, the tooth may continue to erupt in what is generally referred to as:

A

supraeruption it makes it difficult to establish the normal occlusal plane

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22
Q

A condition that occurs on a ‘primary’ tooth in when the alveolar crest of bone fuses in the cervical area with the cementum of a resorbing root

A

ankylosis

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23
Q

What is exfoliation?

A

it is the shedding of primary dentition; the 20 permanent teeth that follow the primary teeth develop as offshoots of the primary dental lamina

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24
Q

What causes retained primary teeth?

A

First: there may be no permanent successor
Second: there may be ankylosis of the primary tooth
Last: the permanent tooth does not erupt in its normal position

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25
The gingiva is divided into two regions:
free gingiva & attached gingiva
26
Two regions combine to form the peak of gingiva that extends coronally between the teeth is called:
interdental papilla
27
What is the interdental papilla's function?
to prevent food from impacting interproximally beneath the contact area of the teeth
28
What is col?
part of the interdental papilla that is apical to the contact area and connects the facial and lingual interdental papilla
29
A very shallow groove around the tooth
sulcus **the average depth with a periodontal probe is about 2mm-3mm**
30
In a healthy state, the gingiva usually has a stippled or dimpled appearance what is this called?
rete pegs
31
Normal color of gingiva
pink
32
What color is the gingiva in a diseased state?
reddish, whitish, or have ulcerations or outgrowths of the mucosa
33
This is trauma to a minor salivary gland and can cause a blisterlike lesion known as:
mucocele
34
What is linea alba?
a line corresponding to the occlusal surfaces of the teeth
35
When does the tongue develop?
at about 4 1/2 weeks the buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures, but the epithelium in that area still comes from two distinct germ layers; it is at this point that the 'tongue' starts to develop as a swelling that arises out of the back of the pharyngeal arches
36
What is Sharpey's Fibers?
parts of the periodontal ligament embedded in the cementum
37
Fibers found on multirooted teeth:
Alveolodental fibers in the interradicular group
38
another word for swelling
edema
39
What is xerostomia?
dry mouth
40
Where are taste buds located?
Circumvallate Papillae; taste buds are salty, sweet, sour, and bitter
41
The mucous membrane is divided into 3 categories:
Specialized Mucosa Masticatory Mucosa Lining Mucosa
42
What is specialized mucosa?
mucosa on the upper surface or 'dorsum' of the tongue
43
What is masticatory mucosa?
the gingiva and hard palate; undergoes trauma or compression
44
What is lining mucosa?
all other areas of oral mucosa
45
The masticatory mucosa consists of:
- free gingiva & attached - interdental papilla - col - sulcus - stratified squamous epithelium - junctional epithelium
46
The lining mucosa consists of:
- Alveolar mucosa: runs from the gingiva to the area of the mucobuccal fold - Buccal mucosa: the mucosa of the cheek (linea alba) - Libial mucosa: trauma to mucosa of the lip may cause thickening as in the cheek (mucosele) - It is non-keratinized
47
What is sleep apnea?
mucosa of the soft palate can fall blocking the airway during sleep
48
Where is the submucosa located and what is in it?
It is the connective tissue beneath the mucosa that contains 'blood vessels' and 'nerves' When it is present, it tends to contain 'fatty tissue', 'minor salivary glands', or 'both'
49
Tongue Muscle groupings:
Extrinsic & Intrinsic
50
What do the extrinsic muscles consist of:
4 pairs of muscles, left & right - Hyoglossus - Styloglossus - Palatoglossus - Genioglossus
51
What do the intrinsic muscles consist of:
They start and end wholly within the tongue - Superior longitudinal group - Inferior longitudinal group - Transverse group - Vertical group
52
Enzymes in saliva:
amylase, lysozyme, lingual lipase, and kallikrein
53
What is lamina dura caused by?
bundle bone being laid down on the cribiform plate and is an indication of occlusal trauma to that tooth or teeth
54
Normal path of eruption of the teeth:
Permanent teeth erupt apically and lingually to the primary teeth
55
What is spongy bone?
bone marrow; between the cortical plate and the cribiform plate
56
When does root formation begin?
begins after the outline of the crown has been established but before the full crown is calcified
57
What is the control of secretion for the salivary glands called?
autonomic nervous system
58
4 theories that cause tooth eruption:
Root Elongation: increase in root length Alveolar Bone Formation & Changes: alveolar bone growth, tooth development, ... Vascular Pressure in Dental Tissues: vascular pressures present enhance cellular activity but seem to have a direct eruptive role The Role of the Tooth Itself
59
What does keratinized mean?
on its surface are layers of dead cells without nuclei
60
What does parakeratinized mean?
on its surface are some dead cells without nuclei and some apparently dying cells within slightly shriveled nuclei
61
What does nonkeratinized mean?
cells on the surface all tend to have nuclei that appear fairly healthy and normal
62
Implies the emergence of a crown into the oral cavity; it is the total life span of the tooth, from the beginning of crown development until the tooth is lost or the individual dies
Active Tooth Eruption
63
There are 3 eruptive stages, what are they?
Pre-Eruptive Stage Eruptive Stage Post-Eruptive Stage
64
Pre-Eruptive Stage:
- Begins as the crown starts to develop | - The eruptive is of two varieties: spatial & excentric
65
Pre-Eruptive Stage: Spatial Movement
when the crown develops while the bottom of the socket fills in with bone, pushing the crown toward the surface
66
Pre-Eruptive Stage: Excentric or (off center growth)
when the crown of a tooth does not grow in a perfectly symmetrical pattern; the center of the tooth is shifting
67
Eruptive Stage
- Begins with the development of the root - Tooth breaks through the mucosal layer and emerges into the oral cavity - Erupts occlusally and facially, more facial in the anteriors than in the posteriors
68
Post-Eruptive Stage:
-Begins when the teeth come into occlusion and continues until they are lost or death occurs
69
Post-Eruptive Stage functions in several ways:
First: the mandible continues to grow and increase the space between the maxilla and mandible, the teeth will continue to erupt to maintain a balance in the arches Second: the teeth wear occlusally because of prolonged masticatory stress and wear, they will continue to erupt to maintain tooth contact Third: because there is slight interproximal wear, there will be a slight mesial eruptive force that keeps the teeth in contact Finally: if opposing tooth is lost, supraeruption occurs; this makes it difficult to establish the normal occlusal plane
70
Reasons why primary teeth are retained beyond their normal time for exfoliation:
First: there may be no permanent successor & the tooth remains Second: ankylosis of the primary tooth occurs ( when the alveolar crest of bone fuses in the cervical area with the cementum of a resorbing root Last: the permanent tooth does not erupt in its normal position therefore does not cause resorption of the primary tooth root or roots
71
The bone of the upper or lower jaw that makes up the sockets for the teeth
Alveolar bone
72
Bone that forms the socket for the tooth
Cortical plate
73
Radiographically it is referred to as the lamina dura
Cribiform plate
74
Between the cortical plate and cribiform plate
Spongy bone or Cancellous bone

Dental Anatomy (1 decks)

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