dental Flashcards by Ashley Tarbox

Which process occurs with Ionization?

an electron is displaced from its orbit

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Term used to describe an atom that has lost an electron from its orbit.

ion

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Not a property of X-ray

the ability to fluoresce all materials

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which elements are loacted in Xray tube

anod, cathod, focusing cup

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Nucleons

Not particular type of radiation

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Electons

Not type of electroradition

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T or F xrays cause ionization

True

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T or F Xrays cannot be focused to a point

True

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T or F Xrays haveno charge

True

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T or F Xrays travels at the speed of sound

False

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Identify the part of the Xray tube that contains the focal spot

Anode

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Identify the part of the Xray tube where Xrays are produced

at the positively charged anode

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Identify the unit of time used to measure Xray exposure

Impulses

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Identify the functions of the milliamperage setting on the Xray machine

1)controls quantity of Xrays produced 2)controls heat of the tungsten filament

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Identify the characteristics of Xrays produced with high kilovoltage

1)More penetratting 2)Of shorter wavelength

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Identify the function of the kilovoltage setting on the Xray machine

Controls the penetrating power of the Xray beam

I love my dildo

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Identify the term used to describe the overall blackness or darkness of a film

Density

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Identify the exposure factor that affects the contrast

kilovoltage☕

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Identify the density or contrast of a film produced using a high kilovoltage setting

increased density; low contrast, meowwww

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Identify which of the following results when a film is exposed with a high milliamperage setting

increased density

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Identify the kilovoltage peak (kVp) setting that produces the greatest contrast among images on a radiograph

65 kVp

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Identify the reduction in exposure time when changing from D-speed film to E-speed film

reduce exposure time by 1/2

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Identify the periapical film size used for a maxillary premolar exposure in an adult patient

size 2

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Identify the major advantage of using the paralleling technique versus the bisecting angle technique

decreased distortion

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Identify the positioning of the film in relation to the tooth when using the paralleling technique

The film is placed parallel to the tooth

Identify which of the following is not an advantage of the paralling technique

Patient comfort

Identify the benefit of using a long-cone(16") position-indicating device(PID) versus a short-cone(8") PID

Less magnification occurs

Identify the error that causesteeth to appear foreshortened on a radiograph

excessive vertical angulation

Identify the angulation of the central ray when using the bisecting angle technique

90 degrees to the imaginary bisector

Identify the result of using excessive finger pressure on the film with the bisecting angle technique

increased image distortion... like on friday night ;)

Identify the likely cause of gaging during a radiographic exposure

the film is moved across the soft palate

Identify the film that is used to detect both interproximal caries and crestal bone levels

bite-wing (bat wing ;))

Identify the cause of overlapped contacts on a bit-wing radiograph

incorrect horizontal angulation

Identify the vertical angulation required for exposing a bite-wing radiograph

+10 degrees

Identify the error that results when the central Xray is not centered on the film

cone-cut ;)

Identify one use for the occlusal radiograph

localize foreign bodies

Identify the instructions that should be given to the patient concerning exposure of a panoramic radiograph

1)Swallow, then raise tongue to the roof of the mouth 2)Stand or sit as straight aspossible 3)Remain still during the exposure

Identify the error that results when a patient is positioned for a panoramic exposure with the chin tipped up

A reverse smile line

What is true concerning intensifying screens?

Emit light when struck by x-radiation

Identify the function of the intensifying screen

reduce exposure time

Identify the cause of a herringbone pattern on a processed radiograph

Film was placed backward in mouth, hello its gary.. im gonna put it in ur butt ;)

Identify the appearance of a film exposed to light before processing

black

Identify the likely cause of black lines on a processed film

dirty lines

Identify the radiopaque anatomic landmark

Genial tubercles

Identify the radiolucent anatomic landmark

canine fossa

Identify the film that includes the mental foramen

Mandibular premolar

What affects the the life of the developer solution

1)Size of films processed 2) # of films processed 3)cleanliness of processing tanks

What produces yellow or brown stains on a film? ewwwww dats nastyyyy

1)Exhausted developer solution 2)Exhauster fixer solution 3)Insufficient washing

Identify the appearance of a film left in the fixer for a long time

Film demonstrated a decrease in density, ps.. i love you

Identify the cause of light(white) spots on a processed radiograph

fixer contacts film prior to processing

Identify the cause of a radiograph that appears too dark

temperature of the developing solution is high

What results from fog?

1)Improper safelighting 2)Film exposed to chemical fumes 3)Use of outdated 3)Use of outdated film

Identify the likely cause if one or two films of a complete series appear simply clear after processing

Films were not exposed to radiation

Identify the optimum temperature for the developer solution

68 degrees hey baby ;)

optimum tempeture for developer solution

68 degrees F

Appearence of radiograph processed with exhausted developer

Thin faded radiographic image

Recomended distance between safelight and work surface

minimum of 4 ft

Reason why film should not be stored in a dark room

chemical fumes may fog film

Reason a safelight filter is used

it does not affect the life of the processing solutions

reticulation of emulsion

error when film is subjected to sudden tempature change

Frame # 1 ( labial mounting method)

maxillary right molar periapical

Maximum permissible dose (MPD) of an occupational exposed person

0.05 sv/year ( 5.0 rem/year)

Maximum dose for no occupational exposed person

0.005 sv/ year 0.5 rem/ year

Maximum diameter of the collinsted X-ray beam as it exits the PID

2.75 inches

Collimator function

To restrict the size a d shape if the X-ray beam

Collimator is made out of

Lead

Function of filtration

Remove wave lengths from the X-ray beam, to remove low energy X-rays from the beam

Component of inherent filtration

Lead lined cone

Aluminum

Used to make a filter

Duplicating films

Emulsion is on one side only/ exposure to light makes film lighter

Duplicating film cont

Emulsion on the duplicating film must contact the original radiographs

Primary radiation

The beam that exits the tube head

Secondary radiation

Radiation produced when matter is irritated by X-rays

Leakage radiation

Is any radiation, except for the primary beAm that is emitted from the dental tube head

Identify the function of the collimator

To restrict the size and shape of the X-ray beam

What is used to make a collimator

Lead

Function of filtration

To move the long wavelengths from the X-ray beam | To remove the low energy X-rays from the beam

Inherent filtration

Oil-unleaded glass window-tube head seal

Filter is made of

Aluminum

Premolars

Maxillary- 4,5,11,13 | Mandibular- 28,29,20,21

Molars

Maxillary- 1,2,3,14,15,16 | Mandibular- 30,31,32, 17,18,19

Lateral incisors

23,26,10,7

Central incisors

8,9,24,25

Canine

6,11,22,27