Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

dental hygiene > dent-2201 > Flashcards

dent-2201 Flashcards

1
Q

xerostomia

A

Condition of dry mouth caused by a variety of conditions such as medications, radiation therapy to the head and neck, and salivary gland dysfunction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

immune system

A

a system that protects the body from foreign invaders such as pathogenic organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

acid

A

a chemical substance that contributes to the demineralization process of the tooth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

neutralize

A

a condition where the acid environment of the oral cavity is balanced to a more healthy level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cariogenic

A

a food source capable of producing caries/decay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

streptococcus mutans

A

an organism responsible for the progression of the decay/caries process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bolus

A

an organized ball created by the addition of saliva when chewing a food substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

plaque

A

soft concentrated mass consisting of a large variety of bacteria held together in a gel-like matrix.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

calculus

A

a hard tenacious mineralized mass of bacterial plaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

gingiva

A

the soft tissues of the oral mucosa that surround the necks of the teeth and are attached to the teeth and the alveolar bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

alveolar bone

A

the hard mineralized support structure surrounding the tooth socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

gingivitis

A

a reversible form of oral disease characterized clinically by changes in color, gingival form, position, surface appearance and presence of bleeding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

periodontal disease

A

extension of gingivitis to include the surrounding support structures of the teeth including ligaments and bone. Irreversible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Toxin

A

a poisonous substance of microbial origin that causes symptoms after a period of incubation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

enamel

A

the hard, 97% mineralized surface that covers the crown of the tooth. Normally varies in thickness with the thickest portion occurring on the occlusal surface and the thinnest portion occurring at the junction of the cementum and the enamel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

dentin

A

the majority of the tooth tissue that provides insulation to the pulp. Dentin is a softer tissue being 70% mineralized.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cementum

A

thin layer of tissue surrounding the root structure of a tooth. Only 45% mineralized thus a fairly soft tissue. Helps connect the tooth root to the bone via the periodontal ligament.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Periodontal ligament

A

a fibrous CT that connects al surfaces of the tooth root to the surrounding bone. The tissue can be described as “elastic” which allows for movement of the teeth during mastication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pulp:

A

the “living” area in the center of each tooth that contains the blood and nerve supply. Connects the teeth to the rest of the body via these systems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Colonization

A

the organizing of the bacterial plaque into a mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

maturation

A

the aging of colonies of bacterial plaque. The older, more mature plaque being the most destructive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

chemotherapeutic

A

the use of chemicals or medications to provide therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

clinical

A

assesses, plans, implements, evaluates treatment for prevention, intervention, or control of oral disease while working independently or in collaboration with other professionals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

research

A

applies scientific method to select appropriate therapies, educational methods or content; interprets and applies scientific findings in order to solve problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

administrative/managerial

A

utilizes data; communication objectives; applies organizational skills; identifies and manages resources; evaluates and modifies programs of health, education, or health care.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

consumer advocacy

A

influences legislators, health agencies, and other organizations to bring existing health problems and available resources together to resolve problems and improve access to care.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

educational

A

utilizes educational therapy and methodology to analyze health needs; develops health promotion strategies; delivers and evaluates the results in attaining or maintaining health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

change agent

A

analyzes barriers to change; develops mechanisms to affect change: implements processes and evaluates the success of programs that promote health for individuals, families, and communities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

change agent

A

analyzes barriers to change; develops mechanisms to affect change: implements processes and evaluates the success of programs that promote health for individuals, families, and communities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

pH level

A

a number corresponding to the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

incipient

A

beginning, coming into existence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

implant

A

the procedure whereby an inert metal or plastic material or device is inserted surgically into intact tissue for prosthetic purposes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

demineralization

A

the excessive loss of minerals from body tissues. the level at which enamel begins demineralizing is pH 4.5-5.5; cementum pH 6.0-6.7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

demineralization

A

the excessive loss of minerals from body tissues. the level at which enamel begins demineralizing is pH 4.5-5.5; cementum pH 6.0-6.7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

abscess

A

localized collection of pus in a walled-off area formed by the disintegration of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

veneer

A

a layer of tooth-colored material (porcelain or composite) that is bonded or cemented to a prepared tooth surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

remineralization

A

the restoration of minerals to body tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

restorative

A

the treatment offered to restore a tooth surface to its original size, shape, form.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

cariogenic

A

a food source capable of producing caries/decay.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

endodontic

A

the procedure whereby the diseased dental pulp is removed from the tooth structure. Also known as root canal therapy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

pit and fissure

A

the surfaces/areas of the teeth most commonly demineralized during the decay process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

prosthetic

A

the procedure whereby the fit and design of a dental appliance occurs to replace or restore missing teeth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Sjogrens syndrome

A

immune system disorder characterized by dry eyes and dry mouth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

systemic

A

ingested or taken into the body through swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

topical

A

flurried that is applied directly to the exposed surfaces of erupted teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

fluoride toxicity

A

the intake of an excess dose of fluoride over a short period of time, acute; or a prolonged ingestion, chronic. An accidental ingestion of a concentrated fluoride preparation may lead to a toxic reaction and/or death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

fluorosis

A

the hypo calcification that results from excessive systemic fluoride intake (over 2 ppm) during the development and mineralization of teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

agent

A

a pathogen, bacteria, virus, or other undesirable entity necessary for the spread of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Hepatitis A

A

most benign form of the hepatitis diseases, 1/3 of population in US has had it at some time. Often spread through water or food contaminated by feces from an infected person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Host

A

An organism capable of “hosting” a pathogen-place where pathogen lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

HIV/AIDS

A

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

mode of transmission

A

a method in which a pathogen is transported and/or introduced to a host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

TB: Tuberculosis

A

treatment requires a regimen of 6-12 months of oral medication. Thus, the strains of pathogens become resilient to treatment and become more difficult to control.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

HBV:

A

Hepatitis B is a disease that causes inflammation of the liver. The severity of the illness is variable.

55
Q

Universal Precautions

A

a method of exposure control in which all human blood and certain human body fluids are treated as if known to be infected with HIV, HBV, and other blood borne pathogens

56
Q

Hepatitis C

A

a disease that causes inflammation of the liver and can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis or liver failure. Most often spread through sharing contaminated needles and sometimes sexual contact. No vaccine is available but medications are available for treatment.

57
Q

ergonomic

A

the applied science of equipment design, as for the workplace, intended to maximize productivity be reducing operator fatigue and discomfort. In DH, the correct posture and alignment of the DH and correct positions of patient.

58
Q

percutaneous

A

the act of passing through the intact skin.

59
Q

percutaneous

A

the act of passing through the intact skin.

60
Q

Which permanent tooth erupts into the place of the deciduous canine?

A

permanent canine

61
Q

Tooth number 30 is

A

the mandibular right first molar

62
Q

When describing the deciduous dentition, which of the following examples are used for identification?

A

Letters of the alphabet, A-T

63
Q

Which surface of the tooth faces the tongue?

A

Lingual

64
Q

Good prenatal nutrition has a positive effect on the development of the baby’s central nervous system, respiratory system, digestive system, etc. In the case of the oral dentition (baby teeth), their development begins:

A

approximately 3 months in utero

65
Q

What is the corresponding number for the maxillary left second molar?

A

15

66
Q

All teeth have which of the following surfaces?

A

mesial, distal, lingual

67
Q

Which teeth are present in the permanent dentition, which are not present in the deciduous dentition?

A

premolars

68
Q

The ______ is the portion of the tooth that is clearly visible in a healthy mouth and varies in shape and size depending on the individual tooth?

A

crown

69
Q

The canine teeth are numbers

A

6, 11, 22, 27

70
Q

Which of the following roles does tongue play in the mouth?

A

speech aid, digestion aid, swallowing aid, self-cleansing

71
Q

Xerostomia may be caused by

A

antihistamine drugs
chemotherapy
radiation treatments
(all)

72
Q

(T/F) Microorganisms in the mouth are all unhealthy and should be removed with thorough daily oral home care.

A

False

73
Q

(T/F) A balance of healthy and unhealthy microorganisms in the oral cavity is impossible to achieve

A

False

74
Q

An artificial “saliva substitute” can assist someone who suffers from

A

Xerostomia

75
Q

Self-cleansing of the mouth is aided by

A

the tongue
saliva
drinking water after meals
(all)

76
Q

What are the structures of the tongue that aid in the sense of taste?

A

papilla

77
Q

When describing how saliva acts to affect the acid environment in the mouth, the following is true

A

saliva decreases the acid environment.

78
Q

Which of the following are roles that saliva plays in the mouth?

A

lubrication, digestion, self-cleansing

79
Q

The condition that occurs when there is a lack of salivary fluid in the mouth is

A

Xerostomia

80
Q

What is the structure that allows the tooth to move slightly in the bone during mastication

A

periodontal ligament

81
Q

signs of an active case of gingivitis could be

A

red tissue, increased sulcus depth, odor, soreness to touch

82
Q

NSPT is the abbreviation for

A

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

83
Q

Systemic diseases (diabetes, AIDS) can influence periodontal disease by

A

lowering the body’s resistance to infection

84
Q

Plaque is a substance that forms on teeth constantly. It has several characteristics in its mature formation stage. Some of these characteristics are:

A

soft, thick, stains with disclosing solution

85
Q

Which of the following could be signs of periodontal disease?

A 
deepening sulcus depth
exposure of tooth root/s
triangular shape of gingival papilla is lost
mobility of teeth
(all)
86
Q

(T/F) Plaque is the accumulation of bacteria that forms a sticky film on the surface of the teeth. Plaque is equally destructive whether it is newly formed or very mature.

A

False

87
Q

Several practices or conditions can increase the chances for a person to develop periodontal disease. Some of these are:

A

smoking
taking hormone therapy drugs
poor oral hygiene
systemic diseases

88
Q

(T/F) Gingivitis is a condition that can be reversed if meticulous, daily oral home care occurs.

A

true

89
Q

(T/F) It is possible for an individual to remove hard calculus deposits with a hard bristled toothbrush.

A

False

90
Q

If the acid environment occurs in the mouth for approximately 20 minutes after eating a sugary food, 7 cinnamon bears eaten 1 every 20 minutes while studying will keep the oral cavity in a decay susceptible mode for how long?

A

2 hrs 20 min

91
Q

If the acid environment occurs in the mouth for approximately 20 minutes after eating a sugary food, 7 cinnamon bears eaten 1 every 20 minutes while studying will keep the oral cavity in a decay susceptible mode for how long?

A

2 hrs 20 min

92
Q

(T/F) The demineralization process would occur more rapidly through the dentin structure than through the enamel surface.

A

True

93
Q

(T/F) The higher the number on the pH scale, the more acidic the environment

A

False

94
Q

What are the characteristics of recession?

A

The gingiva recedes from the crown of the tooth exposing the root surface.

95
Q

(T/F) Regardless of what a person eats, the demineralization/remineralization process occurs in the mouth.

A

True

96
Q

What teeth are most often affected by Nursing Caries Syndrome?

A

deciduous maxillary anterior teeth

97
Q

What teeth are most often affected by Nursing Caries Syndrome?

A

deciduous maxillary anterior teeth

98
Q

Which dental specialty would involve the treatment of a root canal?

A

Endodontics

99
Q

Which structure or part of the individual tooth would decay most rapidly?

A

cementum

100
Q

(T/F) A person who has decreased salivary flow to the frequent use of antihistamine medications could have an increased incidence (be more likely to have) of decay.

A

True

101
Q

What are the three required ingredients for the caries process to occur?

A

susceptible tooth
plaque
cariogenic food source

102
Q

(T/F) There are a multitude of brands of toothpaste on today’s market shelves that do NOT contain fluoride.

A

False

103
Q

(T/F) Fluoride is known to in all instances have only positive effects on physical and oral health.

A

False

104
Q

The following are good examples of topical fluorides:

A

fluoridated toothpaste

105
Q

The following is NOT a good example of a systemic fluoride source

A

Fluoridated toothpaste

106
Q

Pit and fissure sealants will protect which surface of a tooth from demineralization?

A

occlusal

107
Q

An accidental ingestion of a concentrated fluoride source could lead to:

A

fluoride toxicity

108
Q

(T/F) Research has shown that fluoride in the oral cavity also has the ability to interrupt the metabolism of bacteria thus making the plaque less destructive and a decreased acid environment.

A

True

109
Q

A 3 year old child who ingests a dentist prescribed fluoride tablet daily, drinks well water with an optimum amount of naturally occurring fluoride and enjoys the flavor of toothpaste enough to swallow each time she brushes could have

A

possible fluorosis of her permanent teeth.

110
Q

A mild state of dental fluorosis exhibits teeth with

A

small white spots in the enamel surface

111
Q

(T/F) Fluoridated water is beneficial to the surfaces of erupted and unerupted teeth

A

True

112
Q

The ingredient list of your favorite breakfast cereal reads: oat flour, rice, wheat flour, bran, molasses, fruit juice concentrate, etc. This cereal would

A

most likely cause the decay process to begin with demineralization of the enamel surface

113
Q

Which would be the better snack for a toddler?

A

string cheese

114
Q

The following is NOT an example of a cariogenic food source

A

romaine lettuce

115
Q

Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring detersive food?

A

apples

116
Q

(T/F) Chewing gum after a meal increases the production of saliva. This fact in itself would help decrease decay and it would make little difference if the gum was sugarless or not.

A

False

117
Q

(T/F) The introduction of the “Big Gulp” or those huge number of ounces soda at convenience stores has most likely increased the incidence of dental decay in select populations.

A

True

118
Q

(T/F) The introduction of the “Big Gulp” or those huge number of ounces soda at convenience stores has most likely increased the incidence of dental decay in select populations.

A

True

119
Q

After eating a meal but not having the ability to use a toothbrush, which of the following would help decrease the beginning of the decay process?

A

rinsing with water
chewing sugarless gum
ending the meal with a piece of apple
(all)

120
Q

Common foods that we know are anticariogenic are:

A

peanuts, cocoa products, and cheese

121
Q

In relationship to the caries process, which of the following scenarios would be the least destructive?

A

eating 2 pieces of berry pie all at once

122
Q

The following is an example of a non-cariogenic, non-nutritive, non-caloric sweetener

A

sorbitol

123
Q

Which of the following would be productive measures to decrease the incidence of CTS for a dental hygienist?

A

wearing properly fitted gloves
using correct body positioning and posture during treatment
using instruments that have varying handle circumferences
varying daily schedule according to the difficulty of patient
(all)

124
Q

Which of the following would be productive measures to decrease the incidence of CTS for a dental hygienist?

A

wearing properly fitted gloves
using correct body positioning and posture during treatment
using instruments that have varying handle circumferences
varying daily schedule according to the difficulty of patient
(all)

125
Q

Musculoskeletal disorders common to dental professionals can result from

A 
improper patient positioning
incorrect body alignment of dental professional
repetitive movements
vibration
(all)
126
Q

Musculoskeletal disorders common to dental professionals can result from

A 
improper patient positioning
incorrect body alignment of dental professional
repetitive movements
vibration
(all)
127
Q

Which of the following requirements are necessary for an infection to occur?

A

agent
host
mode of transmission

128
Q

ergonomics in dentistry refers to

A

correct positioning of the dental professional during treatment of a patient

129
Q

(T/F) A latex allergy can NOT occur by just inhaling the latex protein that is airborne during putting on or taking off of latex gloves.

A

False

130
Q

The carpal tunnel of the wrist is formed by the eight wrist bones and the transverse carpal ligament. What passes through this tunnel and becomes inflamed resulting in CTS?

A

median nerve

131
Q

In addition to incorrect movement or position of the wrist during dental hygiene treatment, CTS tendencies may be influenced by:

A

arthritis, diabetes, previous hand sprains,
pregnancy, thyroid imbalance
obesity, kidney failure
(all)

132
Q

What is an example of a percutaneous injury?

A

a needle stick

133
Q

someone who had frequent surgeries as a child, is allergic to kiwi and avocado, and has allergies to all household pets could be at risk for

A

latex allergy

134
Q

Which of the following are federal agencies responsible for establishing standards to protect health care employees?

A

OSHA, CDC

dental hygiene (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions