Dengue Introduction + epidemiology

Question 1

Dengue Family

Answer 1

Flaviviridae

Same as WNV,YF,JE,Zika

Question 2

general virus type

Answer 2

RNA virus

Question 3

how many types of DENV?

Answer 3

4 — with multiple genotypes within each dengue virus type

Question 4

How many total genes?

Answer 4

10: 3 structural and 7 non-structural

Question 5

What factors drive transmission?

Answer 5

DENV themselves (human travel + viral evolution) 
Naive hosts (pop growth and urbanization) 
vector (ecological changes, evolution)

Question 6

Virus related exposure determinates? (infection risk)

Answer 6

tropism for Aedes
Replicative kinetics
Evolutionary capacity

Question 7

Vector related exposure determinates (infection risk)

Answer 7

response to ecology
infection resistance
evolutionary capacity

Question 8

Human host related exposure determinates (infection risk)

Answer 8

immune profile
vector exposure dynamics
“neighbors” infection status
activities of daily living

Question 9

virus related outcome determinates (disease risk)

Answer 9

DENV type 
DENV genotype 
Replicative kinetics 
immune evasion 
Target cell tropism 
evolutionary capacity 
sequence of infection

Question 10

vector related outcome determinates (disease risk)

Answer 10

salivary proteins

Question 11

host related outcome determinates (disease risk)

Answer 11

immune profile
demographics
co-morbidities
medical system sophistication

Question 12

2 main vector mosquito species

Answer 12

Aedes aegypti

Aedes albopictus

Question 13

Aedes aegypti as a disease vector factors (5)

Answer 13

prefer human blood 
daytime feeder 
bite goes unnoticed 
multiple bites per blood meal 
adapted to urban life