Dendrology Flashcards
5 needles
blue grey color
flexible
whorls
block trunk pattern
cones- flexible, elongated, sticky
eastern white pine
bundles of 2
blue-green color
twisted needles
white powdery covering (glaucous)
red-orange bark
think Christmas tree
scotch pine
small spherical hips (think BB)
red hips
fringed wings at base of stem
smaller white flowers when in bloom
thorns
shrub
multiflora rose
crowded shrub
red/burgundy
spatulate leaves (spoon shaped)
rigid stems - redish brown
small thin sharp thorns
Japanese barberry
silver underside of leaves
shrubby
red berries (white speckled)
leaves look crinkled
scaley twigs
simple alternate
intense odor when in bloom
autumn-olive
rose family
thorny
buds are sharp and glabrous (not fuzzy)
pink flowers when in bloom
smaller gnarly branches
fruit- crabapples
crabapple
alternate simple
long thin thorns
red berries
not pleasant smelling
edge tree
hawthorn
alternate simple (very clear)
horizontal stripes in bark
doubly toothed leaves
catkins
female flowers look like small cones
vertical cracks in mature bark
smells spicy
curly strips of bark
black birch
alternate simple (very clear)
glossy bark
tan bark
horizontal stripes in bark
doubly toothed leaves
catkins - yellow
female flowers look like small cones
vertical cracks in mature bark
smells spicy
amber colored strips of bark, curly
yellow birch
simple opposite
bark is striped - green, white, or maroon stipes
glabrous new growth (smooth)
finely toothed leaves
buds have 2 scales
smaller, understory tree
striped maple
ovate (oval) oblong (long) leaves
simple alternate
buds are long and silvery
buds white and fuzzy (pubescent)
nodes in twigs have rings
fruit- pods, pink-brown with lumps (3in)
warm brown colored bark
thin striped bark
cucumber magnolia
young bark - horizonal striped, smooth
mature bark- broken up, burnt corn flakes glued on look
leaves have teeth, broad at middle
underside of leaf has fuzzy orange lines going up midvein
fruit- black cherries - small round black/purple/red
pimple like bumps on stem
black cherry
simple alternate
single dentate toothed
pinnately veined
long pointy buds (looks like thorns)
smooth grey bark
ovate, oblong (long and ovular)
leaves tend to stay on after wilted
veins very prominent - visibly grooved
American beech
simple alternate
shrub / small tree (never big)
singly serrate (small tooth)
smooth light grey bark with vertical stripes
buds are long and thin and sharp
underside of leaves are pubescent
small spherical red berries
serviceberry
simple alternate
dentate (coarsely toothed)
stubby buds
lanceolate leaves (think longer arrowhead)
buds are kinked off to the side of leaf scar
chestnuts - dark brown
hang onto leaves
dont get too big
American chestnut
lobed - angled upwards
shallow sinuses in between lobes
canopy looks thicker
smooth vertical stripes in wood
northern red oak
-hangs onto dead branches
-often flows downward towards ground with so many extra branches
-fewer lobes
-lobes stick out to sides
-deeper sinuses between lobes
-more light shines through
scarlet oak
large leaves
large teeth
flat petiole (stem)
hairy buds
has layered bark - smooth underneath and rough outside
horizontal stripes in under bark
vertical stripes in rough outer bark
bigtooth aspen
bristle tips
blocky dark bark
rough fuzz on underside of leaves that can be rubbed off
fuzz is slightly yellow and stiff
buds are clustered towards end
angular buds (not circular)
black oak
most consistent lobes on leaves
not bristle tipped
mostly lighter in color
either lobed or toothed
inside of acorn not hairy
light grey flakey bark
mature bark gets flakier almost like shingles
white oak
toothed leaves - no bristles
clustered end buds
deeply grooved bark
in between grooves, it is light brown/cinnamon colored
big acorns
chestnut oak
grows flat on ground - trailing
cordate (heart) shaped leaves
rough texture leaves
trailing arbutus
small, ground covering plant
veins are lighter than leaves
trails along ground
small red berries that have two eyes
berries come out where two stems meet
partridgeberry
simple alternate
shrub
small white bumps on stems / twigs
sharp pointy buds
has a lot of hip high branches from one base
fruit- blueberry
berries have 5 points on tips
flakey bark
leaves lighter on underside
Blue Ridge blueberry
smells like wintergreen when crushed
grows along the ground
small stubby ovate leaves - glossy/smooth
grows up and out of ground
green in winter
red berries
wintergreen
trunk feels like a rippled muscle
simple alternate
finely doubly toothed leaves
catkins present
leaf tips are acute
wood is very hard
muscle wood
simple alternate
bark has thin vertical strips
bark is flakey
buds look like beer hops
catkins present
ironwood
