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Neuro & Behavior Pharm > Demyelinating & Dengenerative Diseases > Flashcards

Demyelinating & Dengenerative Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a dopamine precursor?

A

Levodopa

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2
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor?

A

Carbidopa

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3
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a dopamine receptor agonist?

A

Pramipexole
Ropinirole
Bromocriptine
Apomorphine

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4
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor?

A

Selegiline
Rasagiline
Safinamide

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5
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a COMT inhibitor?

A

Entacapone

Tolcapone

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6
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a dopamine facilitator?

A

Amantadine

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7
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a CNS anticholinergic agent?

A

Benztropine

Trihexyphenidyl

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8
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism inhibits AAAD but can’t cross BBB?

A

Carbidopa

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9
Q

(…) is a cofactors of AAAD

A

Pryridoxine (Vit B6) is a cofactors of AAAD

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10
Q

Vit B6 increases the metabolism of (…)

A

Vit B6 increases the metabolism of levodopa

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11
Q

(…) increases the metabolism of Levodopa

A

Vit B6 increases the metabolism of Levodopa

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12
Q

(…) stimulates D2 receptors and is a prodrug converted to dopamine by AAAD

A

Levodopa

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13
Q

How much of administered levodopa actually enters the brain unaltered?

A

About 1-3%

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14
Q

Levodopa is most effective in the first (…) of treatment.

A

2-5 years

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15
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism causes:

  • Cardiovascular effects such as cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, and postural hypotension
  • Behavioral effects such as depression, anxiety, agitation, insomnia, confusion, hallucinations, nightmares & euphoria
  • Dyskinesias
A

Levodopa

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16
Q

What does the drug interaction of Levodopa x MAO-inhibitors (non-selective) cause?

A

Inhibition of MAO retards the metabolism of Levodopa -> plasma concentration of Levodopa increases-> may precipitate hypertensive crisis and hyperpyrexia

17
Q

What does the drug interaction of levodopa x Pyridoxine do?

A

Pyridoxine (Vit B6) promotes the peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine and reduces the therapeutic effect of levodopa, unless a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor is also taken

18
Q

What does the drug interaction of Levodopa x Phenothiazines, butyrophenones do?

A

Antagonistic the effects of levodopa by blockade of dopamine receptors

19
Q

What are contraindications of levodopa?

A
  • Psychotic patients
  • Angle closure glaucoma
  • Peptic ulcer
  • Melanoma & Skin Lesions
20
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a:

  • D2 agonist
  • ergot
  • long term use associated with cardiac valve fibrosis
  • pulmonary fibrosis
A

Bromocriptine

21
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a:

  • Preferential affinity for the D3 family of receptors
  • Used in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease
  • Neuroprotectice-scavenge hydrogen peroxide
A

Pramipexole

22
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is a:

  • Relatively pure D2 receptor agonist
  • Contraindicated in women who are breastfeeding
  • Impulse control disorders are most commonly associated with
A

Ropinirole

23
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism may cause an increase in liver enzyme levels, fulminant hepatic failure?

A

Tolcapone

24
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is an antiviral agent used in prophylaxis of influenza A2

A

Amantadine

25
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism has an adverse effect of livedo reticularis?

A

Amantadine

26
Q

What drug(s) used in Parkinsonism is sometimes useful as monotherapy for patients with PD who are <65 years of age and have disturbing tremor but do not have significant bradykinesia or gait disturbance?

A

Anticholinergics (Benztropine, Trihexyphenidyl)

27
Q

What drugs are used to treat Restless Legs Syndrome?

A 
Pramipexole 
Ropinirole
Diazepam
Gabapentin
Opiates
28
Q

What drugs are used to treat Wilson Disease?

A

Penicillamine
Trientine
Tetrathiomolybdate
Zinc

29
Q

What drugs are used to treat Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

A 
Baclofen 
Tizanidine
Gabapentin
Riluzole
Edaravone
30
Q

What drugs are used in Multiple Sclerosis?

A 
IFN-beta 1b &amp; 1a
Corticosteroids 
Natalizumab
Mitoxantrone 
Glatiramer
Fingilimod
Dalfampridine
31
Q

What drug used for Alzheimer disease are the central Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

A

Donepezil
Rivastigame
Galantamine
Tacrine

32
Q

What drug used for Alzheimer disease blocks glutamate neurotransmission at NMDA receptors?

A

Memantine

33
Q

What drug used for Alzheimer disease improves energy utilization by neurons in the AD patient?

A

Caprylidene

34
Q

What drug used for Alzheimer disease may decrease formation of aggregates by inhibiting secretase enzymes?

A

NSAIDs such as Fluriprofen

35
Q

What drug used for Alzheimer disease may block the dissociation of microtubules and by action on glycogen synthase kinase 3B

A

Valproic Acid

36
Q

What drug used for Alzheimer disease increases insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization, which has been shown to improve cognitive function in AD patients

A

Rosiglitazone

37
Q

What drugs used in Huntington disease are VMAT inhibitors?

A

Tetrabenazine & Reserpine

Neuro & Behavior Pharm (3 decks)

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