demography : content

Question 1

birth rates

Answer 1

1901= 29 per thousand
2010= 13 per thousand
fertility rate has declined
1960s= 3 babies per woman
2001= 1.6 babies per woman
now an increase to 2 babies per woman

Question 2

long term decline in birth rates

Answer 2

economic changes
technological changes
changing role of women
postmodernisation
changes in the position of children

Question 3

economic changes (decline in birth rate)

Answer 3

the wealthier the country, the lower the birth rate.
economic growth and rising living standards mean adults have fewer children

Question 4

technological changes (decline in birth rate)

Answer 4

the development of contraceptive technologies in the 1960s (the pill)
sex became detached from reproduction

Question 5

changes in roles of women (decline in birth rates)

Answer 5

careers come first for many women
childbearing is delayed by an average of ten years compared to in the 1950s
women now typically have babies in their 30s not their 20s

Question 6

postmodernisation (decline in birth rates)

Answer 6

decline of traditional norms and values
decline in religion means contraception is no longer stigmatised

Question 7

changes in the position of children (decline in birth rates)

Answer 7

children were an asset to their parents (sent to work)
laws now protect children from labour