Demography

Question 1

Harper

Answer 1

Argues that education of women is the biggest reason for falling birth rates, because they have options other than being a housewife and having lots of children

Question 2

Tranter

Answer 2

Says that the reason for the high death rate before the 1950’s was because of the amount of young people dying from infectious diseases. In the 1950’s we start to see more affluent diseases, meaning heart disease and obesity etc. Replacing diseases as the cause of the high death rate

Question 3

McKeown

Answer 3

Thinks that up to half of the reduction in deaths is because of improved nutrition, because this made the body stronger and more able to fight diseases. Ignores the fact that women would get smaller portions of food but would live longer than their husbands

Question 4

Pilcher

Answer 4

Says that because middle class people get bigger pensions than working class people, and men get bigger pensions compared to women, their previous job will affect their retirement because of the limitations that their pensions will give

Question 5

Hirsh

Answer 5

Believes we need to introduce more policies to deal with the increasing amount of old people, including encouragement to downgrade their house. Says that old age is a social construction and not a biological fact

Question 6

Vertovec

Answer 6

Super diversity: Migrants come from a wider range of countries and arrive under different circumstances

Question 7

Cohen

Answer 7

Three types of migrants based on social class:
Citizens - with full citizenship rights (e.g. the right to vote)

Denizens - privileged foreign nationals welcomed by the government (e.g. billionaires)

Helots - (slaves). This is the exploited group. Unskilled and poorly paid workers, including domestic servants and illegally trafficked workers

Question 8

Ehrenreich and Hoschild

Answer 8

Globalisation of the domestic division of labour: An increasing number of poor women are working as care workers, domestic workers and sex workers because Western men don’t want to do housework, women focus on their jobs and also don’t want to do housework and the state has failed to provide adequate childcare

Feminisation of migration

Question 9

Eriksen

Answer 9

Transnational neither/nor identities: People move around so much that they don’t feel like they belong to one culture or country

Question 10

Castles

Answer 10

Assimilation policies don’t work. This is because they tend to see other cultures as backward or other, so the immigrants embrace their own culture and communities and rejecting the host culture, creating hostility and suspicion