DEMOGRAPHY Flashcards
1
Q
What are push and pull factors of immigration
A
- Push factors - Unemployment , poverty, war
- Pull factors - Higher wages , better living conditions , jobs
2
Q
What has happened to birth rates over time
A
- Long term decline in bioethics rates
- except for 3 baby booms - After WW1 , WW2 and during the 60s
3
Q
Reasons for decline in births rate
A
- Women’s changing position - education , careers , changing attitudes
- Lower infant mortality rate - improved housing , nutrition
- Children seen as economic liability - compulsory schooling , child labour bans
- Child centredness - focus on quality of life for child , not quantity of childred
4
Q
how does declining birth rates affect society
A
- Increases dependency ratio (fewer workers supporting more dependents)
- Working populations pay higher taxes to support dependents
- Fewer pubis services needed (fewer school)
5
Q
What factors contributed to decline in death rates
A
- medical and public health improvements , less manual labour
6
Q
What are the reasons for an ageing population
A
- increased life expectancy
- lower infant mortality rates
- declining fertility rates
7
Q
What are the impacts of an ageing population
A
- increased strain on public services
- rising dependency ratio
- ageism in society
8
Q
What did phillipson (Marx) say about ageing population
A
Older people of no use to capitalism , as do not work and economically dependent
9
Q
What did hunt (postmodernist) argue about ageing
A
People can shoes their identity regardless of age.
E.g. elderly people still contribute to capitalism through buying products
