Democracy in the UK

Question 1

What are the strengths of UK Democracy?

Answer 1

-Provides strong government; majority of seats to one party which can rule in a strong and stable manner. Government is accountable to the people within the UK
- Elections are held regularly and are free and fair. FPTP is simple and easy to operate. Clear link between the MP and constituents. Introduction of PR electoral systems at regional level enhanced representation in the UK.
- Universal Franchise, one person, one vote. The ballot is secret. Voting free from intimidation limited corruption in UK politics.
- Judiciary is largely independent in the UK, reducing scope for political corruption. All expected civil liberties associated with democracies. freedom of speech, thought, association. HRA has clarified and semi-entrenched our rights
- Some elements of DD in our political system.
- Representation: constituency returns one elected MP We have territorial, party and social representation.
- Pressure groups add a pluralist element to the democratic process. wide range of groups with large memberships. Can help to disperse power to the people
- Participation: Pressure Group membership is high, many people sign e-petitions, membership of small parties is rising and engagement on social media is high.

Question 2

What are the weaknesses of UK Democracy?

Answer 2

• The House of Lords and Head of State are unelected and are thus unaccountable and lack democratic legitimacy. The executive are too powerful. Power is over-centralised in Westminster. Local government very weak
• Devolution process has been asymmetric, and is in need of further reforms and additions, particularly in England and Northern Ireland.
• Lack of entrenched rights – no codified Bill of Rights. Government recently restricted a number of rights for security reason. Media is controlled by the wealthy
• FPTP Westminster electoral system is unrepresentative.
• There is insufficient direct democracy
• Most MPs and Lords derive from a very similar - elite and privileged - social background. Lack of social diversity amongst elected officials
• Pressure Groups - Some insider groups have too much influence with the government. Wealthy pressure groups can look after the interests of a privileged few. Outsider pressure groups may be violent
• insufficient participation. Low turnouts at elections, low party membership, few people attend protests, meetings, campaigns etc.
• The UK Constitution is uncodified, uncertain and often seems ill-equipped and too old-fashioned to deal with modern political and constitutional problems.