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History > Democracy in England Unit Test > Flashcards

Democracy in England Unit Test Flashcards

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1
Q

King’s power limited by a constitution

A

Limited Constitutional Monarchy

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2
Q

Republican form of government implemented by Oliver Cromwell after the execution of Charles I

A

Commonwealth

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3
Q

Natural Rights

A
  • govt. job to protect these rights
  • Life, Liberty and property
  • John Locke
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4
Q

To give up the throne

A

Abdicate

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5
Q

The 2 Houses of Parliment

A

House of Commons and House of Lords

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6
Q

The lack of a centralized government

A

Anarchy

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7
Q

The title Oliver Cromwell gave to himself

A

Lord Protecter

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8
Q

King who has absolute power

A

Absolute Monarch

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9
Q

Another way to describe control over the collection & disbursement of taxes.

A

Power of the Purse

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10
Q

A govt. should have the power of a sea monster

A

Leviathan

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11
Q

The Latin term for “You shall have the body.”

A

Habeas Corpus

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12
Q

An unwritten agreement between the government and the people in which the people give up their independence to a government and in exchange the govt. provides order, stability & protection for the people through the rule of law.

A

Social Contract

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13
Q

A constitutional guarantee that all legal proceedings will be fair and that everyone will be given notice of the proceedings and an opportunity to be heard, before the government acts to take away one’s life, liberty, or property.

A

Due Process of Law

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14
Q

List the Stuart Kings in Order

A

James I
Charles I
Charles II
James II

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15
Q

Bill of Rights, Constitutional Monarchy

A

William and Mary

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16
Q

Petition of Right, The English Civil War

A

Charles I

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17
Q

Habeas Corpus Act, The Restoration

A

Charles II

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18
Q

English Civil War

A
  • War between members of House of Commons (Roundheads) & their supporters & Charles I, the House of Lords (Cavaliers or Royalists) & their supporters.
  • Charles I lost & was beheaded-The monarchy was briefly over in England.
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19
Q

Citizens couldn’t receive a punishment that was not in accordance w/the degree of the offence.

A

Magna Carta

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20
Q

Citizens who are Protestant have the right to carry arms for their protection.

A

Bill of Rights

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21
Q

The King must be Protestant

A

Bill of Rights

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22
Q

Citizens had the right to petition the King.

A

Bill of Rights

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23
Q

Citizens were protected from being detained for an unlimited amount of time.

A

Habeas Corpus Act

24
Q

The King couldn’t force citizens to give him any gift, loan or tax w/out Parliament’s consent

A

Petition of Right

25
Q

King couldn’t keep a standing army in times of peace w/out Parliament’s consent

A

Bill of Rights

26
Q

Citizens had a right to a trial by jury

A

Magna Carta

27
Q

What is the significance of the Magna Carta?

A
  • First English document to limit the power of the king.
  • No man, not even the King, was above the law.
  • Rule of law rather than rule of man
28
Q

What is the significance of the English Bill of Rights?

A
  • It created a Limited Constitutional Monarchy in which the power of the King was now limited by the laws of the land.
  • Parliament had the right to limit the Power of the King of England.
  • The English Bill of Rights later set an example for American colonists & French citizens seeking new forms of government
29
Q

What is the significance of the Petition of Right?

A
  • No citizen could be imprisoned without just or legal cause

- Parliament had power of the purse

30
Q

What is the significance of the Act of Habeas Corpus?

A

English citizens were protected from illegal or arbitrary arrest and unlawful detainment

31
Q

This document only applied to the “Freemen of our realm

A

Magna Carta

32
Q

Citizen couldn’t be forced to house soldiers in their homes

A

Petition of Right

33
Q

Parliament had the power to grant or deny the king the right to raise taxes

A

Magna Carta, Petition of Right, English Bill of Rights

34
Q

Anyone arrested must be brought before a judge within 3 days

A

Habeas Corpus

35
Q

Innocent until proven guilty

A

Magna Carta

36
Q

Freedom of speech in Parliament

A

English Bill of Rights

37
Q

“Putting to death of any man, whosoever he might be, un convicted is forbidden.”

A

Innocent until proven guilty

38
Q

“…We will sell to no man, we will not deny or defer to any man, either justice or right.”

A

Due Process of Law

39
Q

“A free man shall not be punished for an offence except in accordance with the degree of the offence…”

A

Punishment must fit the crime

40
Q

“…that no subject hereafter be compelled to make any gift, loan, tax, or such like charge, without common consent of Parliament.”

A

No taxation without representation

41
Q

“No free man shall be arrested or imprisoned or in any way victimized…except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land.”

A

Right to a trial by jury

42
Q

What is the difference between a Divine Right Ruler and a Limited Constitutional Monarchy?

A
  • A Divine Right Ruler has absolute power & receives his power to rule from God. He is responsible only to God and only God can take away his right to rule.
  • A limited Constitutional Monarchy’s power has been limited by a constitution. He/she does not have total power.
43
Q

What two political concepts did the Stuart Kings and Parliament argue about?

A
  • Divine Right Rule
  • Money/Taxes
  • Religion
44
Q

What can the people do if the government does not fulfill its responsibilities?

A

Overthrow the govt. and start a new govt. that will protect their natural rights.

45
Q

Democracy won’t work because people promote their own interests.

A

Thomas Hobbes

46
Q

People have the gift of reason so they can rationally settle their differences

A

John Locke

47
Q

Best form of Gov. is an Absolute Monarchy

A

Hobbes

48
Q

Humans are essentially selfish creatures

A

Hobbes

49
Q

Men are all equal & independent

A

Thomas Hobbes and John Locke

50
Q

It is not possible for people to have both freedom & peace since the state of freedom is a
state of greed and war.

A

Hobbes

51
Q

A ruler’s absolute power does not come from God, but from the people rationally deciding
that this is in their best interest

A

Hobbes

52
Q

People have the natural ability to govern themselves

A

John Locke

53
Q

The Best form of Gov. is a Limited Constitutional Monarchy.

A

John Locke

54
Q

All people are equal which leads to competition & violence

A

Thomas Hobbes

55
Q

The control of any person against his/her will is unacceptable

A

John Locke

History (3 decks)

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