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AS Politics > Democracy > Flashcards

Democracy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 sources of the UK’s democratic deficit?

A

1) Queen
2) Participation
3) Constitution
4) House of Lords
5) Electoral Systems
6) Disengagement
7) Judiciary

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2
Q

What was the 2015 election turnout?

A

66%

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3
Q

What feature of the 2015 election shows low participation?

A

More people did not vote than voted for the largest party

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4
Q

Why are Judiciary not as independent as they may seem?

A

The commission that appoints them is appointed by the PM

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5
Q

What is the Judiciary not?

A

Elected nor accountable

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6
Q

What is the result of Disengagement?

A

Low Turnout

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7
Q

What can disengagement lead to?

A

Ignorance and Anger

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8
Q

How is FPP unfair?

A

Small parties are discriminated against, not proportional, wasted votes

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9
Q

What problem does AMS present?

A

The Two Tier Problem

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10
Q

What do SV and FPP have in common that leads to a democratic deficit?

A

Disproportionality

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11
Q

What two factors lead to an artificial majority and mandate?

A

Parliamentary Sovereignty and FPP

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12
Q

What doe the constitution lack?

A

Bill of Rights

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13
Q

What is the constitution not?

A

Entrenched

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14
Q

What aspect of participation has actually increased in recent years?

A

Pressure Groups such as RSPB and smaller parties, although party membership as a whole has decreased

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15
Q

What means of participation have become irrelevant through ubiquity?

A

E-Petitions

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16
Q

What proposal regarding the Second chamber would improve the UK’s democracy?

A

Elections

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17
Q

What would an elected 2nd chamber give?

A

Legitimacy and Accountability

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18
Q

What would an elected 2nd chamber allow their role to be?

A

A more effective check of government power

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19
Q

What is there to fear abbot introducing a second chamber?

A

It could be less independent and could check government excessively

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20
Q

What would electoral reform achieve regrading the number of wasted votes?

A

it would reduce the number

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21
Q

Why are wasted votes such a problem with FPP?

A

Anyone who votes for the party who gets the majority other than those necessary to secure the majority may as well not have bothered. Furthermore anyone who votes for the party who did not win is also not recognised.

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22
Q

What may electoral reform achieve in regard to the House of Commons?

A

Makes commons more politically representative

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23
Q

What would electoral reform increase a government’s?

A

Legitimacy

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24
Q

What does PR generate that reform many destroy?

A

A strong link between MP and Constituent

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25
Q

What may electoral reform create that may cause instability?

A

Multi-party governments

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26
Q

What may voters not accept?

A

A reformed electoral system

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27
Q

What may the consequences of electoral reform fundamentally be?

A

Unpredictable

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28
Q

What would a codified constitution prevent?

A

The drift of power towards government and PM

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29
Q

What would a codified constitution protect?

A

The rights of individuals and freedom

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30
Q

What could a reformed constitution promote?

A

More political involvement by citizens

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31
Q

What key benefit of an uncodified British constitution would be destroyed with the introduction of a codified one?

A

Loose flexibility, limiting the potential of active government

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32
Q

In whose hands may too much power be put due to a codified constitution?

A

unelected judges

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33
Q

What is valuable to many about both the uncodified constitution and the British monarch?

A

Tradition

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34
Q

What are referendums a purer form of?

A

Democracy

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35
Q

What may be increased through referendums?

A

Education and Participation

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36
Q

What is the phenomena regarding the falling turnout associated with increased elections?

A

Voter fatigue

37
Q

What sort of tyranny would increased frequency of referenda result in?

A

TYRANNY OF THE MAJORITY

38
Q

What may people loose respect for when referendum’s frequency increase?

A

representative institutions

39
Q

What may the issues of the referendums be?

A

Too complex for the voter

40
Q

What is local government seen as more?

A

Democratic

41
Q

What would happened to government if decentralisation occurred?

A

Central government’s power would be eroded but government would become less remote

42
Q

Whose role, other than central government’s would be reduced when decentralisation occurs?

A

Parties

43
Q

What could be strengthened by decentralisation?

A

Communities

44
Q

Between whom could tensions arise due to decentralisation?

A

Westminster and regional governments

45
Q

What is the general opinion often of decentralisation?

A

The decentralised local institutions are often taken less seriously than the national government.

46
Q

What could be wrong with the provision airing form decentralisation?

A

The provision could be variable

47
Q

Assuming that the monarch is a source of stability what could its removal mean?

A

Instability

48
Q

What would the monarchy be replaced by?

A

An elected Head of State

49
Q

What may an elected head of state give too much to?

A

Too much power to the ruling party

50
Q

What would be increased by an elected Head of State?

A

Legitimacy and engagement

51
Q

What would an elected head of state be?

A

Accountable

52
Q

What could an elected head of state settle?

A

Political Deadlocks

53
Q

Give three ways that democracy in the UK has recently be enhanced?

A

1) Increased social media campaigning
2) Pressure group membership increasing
3) Increased instances of direct action

54
Q

Give two examples of direct action?

A

Anti tuition fees and anti iraq war

55
Q

What four methods are there of participating in UK politics?

A

1) Standing for office
2) Voting in referendum
3) Voting in elections
4) Becoming a member of a party or pressure group

56
Q

What 5 ways has participation in democracy declined in the UK?

A

1) Disillusionment with patty politics
2) Identification with parties has fallen
3) Party membership and activism has fallen
4) Referendum turnouts tend to be low
5) Identification with patties has fallen

57
Q

What four ways are there of increasing participation?

A

1) E - Democracy
2) Voting at 16
3) Citizenship education
4) Compulsory voting

58
Q

What would compulsory voting abuse?

A

Freedom

59
Q

What would remain even after compulsory voting has been instigated?

A

Mass Apathy

60
Q

Where is compulsory voting used?

A

Australia and Argentina

61
Q

What is compulsory voting costly?

A

It is costly to enforce

62
Q

What would results be after compulsory voting?

A

More legitimate

63
Q

What would people get used to after compulsory voting?

A

Voting and engagement with politics

64
Q

Fundamentally what would compulsory voting increase?

A

Turnout

65
Q

Other than vote, what would compulsory voting force people to do?

A

Think about politics

66
Q

What could the results of compulsory voting be described as?

A

Artificial

67
Q

What may parties do if the voting age was lowered to 16?

A

Distort policies to appeal to young voters

68
Q

What would citizenship education encourage?

A

Engagement

69
Q

What may citizenship education not create in reality?

A

A genuine interest in politics

70
Q

What would be improved through citizenship education?

A

Young people’s knowledge of politics

71
Q

What is education generally?

A

Expensive

72
Q

Who would be excluded through e-democracy?

A

Those who lack knowledge

73
Q

What would be removed through e-democracy?

A

Anonymity

74
Q

What is very to circulate though e-deocracy?

A

Illicit and false information

75
Q

What is e-democracy vulnerable to?

A

Fraud and hackling

76
Q

What is the internet a big source of?

A

Independent political information

77
Q

what may e-voting increase?

A

Turnout

78
Q

What form of democracy coulde-deomcrayc promote?

A

Direct

79
Q

How can the PM’s powers be described?

A

Arbitrary, perforative powers

80
Q

What does PArl. Sov. fair to do?

A

Protect individual rights

81
Q

What three types of authority are there?

A

traditional, legal, charismatic

82
Q

What is influence?

A

Being able to change how others think without using force?

83
Q

What are the three sources of power?

A

Influence, political power and coercion

84
Q

What is political power?

A

Sanctions, rewards, authority and persuasion

85
Q

What is power?

A

The ability to exert force upon others to make them do what you want even when they do not want to do it

86
Q

What is legitimacy?

A

The rich of an individual or body to be recognised and to have the right to excursive power, generally conveyed by election

87
Q

Why coulee it be said that the 2010 government was not legitimate?

A

They had no majority

88
Q

What are three features of a direct democracy?

A

1) Populous are consulted
2) People take the initiative in creating political change
3) People themselves make decisions - usually through referendums

89
Q

What is the tyranny of the majority?

A

When a majority leads to the suppression of minority voices

AS Politics (4 decks)

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