Dementia, CCI, TBI, RHD Flashcards
Cognitive communication impairment
A difficulty with any aspect of communication that is affected by disruption of cognition. This is what SLPs treat in dementia.
cognitive domains affecting communication in CCI
attention, memory, executive function
impact of challenges with attention on communication
reduced attention span, reduced alternating and divided attention
impact of challenges with memory on communication
creating new memories, learning, and recall
impact of challenges with executive function on communication (6)
difficulty with creative thinking and cognitive flexibility, initiation, problem solving, decision making, and organizing
dementia medical diagnosis
a syndrome characterized by acquired persistent impairment of multiple cognitive domains such that social interactions, occupational functioning, and ability to perform ADLs are significantly impaired
medical diagnosis of stroke
loss of blood flow to the brain which damages brain tissue
medical diagnosis of TBI
traumatically induced structural injury or physiological disruption of brain function as a result of an external force that is indicated by new onset or worsening of any alteration in mental status, any loss of memory for events just before or after the injury, or any period of loss of or decreased level of consciousness immediately following the event
ABI (Acquired brain injury)
overall term for non-traumatic and traumatic brain injury
list irreversible dementias
cortical, subcortical, mixed
cortical dementia examples
Alzheimer’s, Lewy-body
subcortical dementia examples
Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, supramotor palsy
mixed dementia examples
vascular dementia, Korsakoff’s disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
MCI (Mild cognitive impairment)
The transition stage between the cognitive changes associated with healthy aging and those associated with dementia.
Amnestic: memory impairment
Non-amnestic: impairment of other cognitive functions
Alzheimer’s initial symptoms
Difficulties with ADLs
Frontotemporal dementia initial symptoms
Difficulties with behavior or language
Lewy-body disease initial symptoms
Variability in cognition, attention, and alertness.
Primary neural changes in Alzheimer’s
Neuretic plaques clump around amyloid-beta protein and neurofibrillary tangles get stuck together by tau protein.
Brain atrophy.
Protective factors for Alzheimer’s (nun study)
positive emotions and outlook early in life.
Idea density.
College education/intellectual life.
What type of dementia is PPA?
Primary progressive aphasia is the language variant of frontotemporal dementia.
Role of SLP in dementia treatment
Maintenance of independent functioning and QOL via supported participation and engagement with an emphasis on personal relevance and contextual thinking.
Help them communicate more effectively so they stay engaged, which keeps QOL high.
memory wallet
Portable book of cards containing pictures and words related to the client’s life. Loved ones, themselves doing favorite activities, names, common phrases.
Used as referent in convo.
3 external memory strategies
memory aids: external devices used to support memory (planner, pill calendar, etc)
Memory wallets: small memory books designed to facilitate convos. Very specific info inside.
Sensory box/ sensory stimulation: familiar objects/smells/sounds are used to stimulate the senses of a person who is bedridden and unable to communicate (late stage dementia or emerging from coma). This can help them not become understimulated.
Communication partner training definition and examples
Directly training communication partners to give person with communication difficulties support and processing time so they can understand conversation.
Slow rate of speech, chunk ideas and insert pauses, redundancy, write key words down to refer to
