Dementia and Alzheimer's Presentation Flashcards
Is there a business or social model for dementia?
No
According to WHO, dementia is currently the what leading cause of death among all diseases and one of the major causes of what and dependency among older people globally?
7th and disability
1 in how many seniors dies with Alzheimer’s disease?
1 in 3
Does dementia kill more people than breast cancer and prostate cancer combined?
Yes
The four types of people in the world according to Former First Lady Rosalynn Carter of the Rosalynn Carter Institute for Caregiving are what?
Those who are caregivers, those who will become caregivers, those who have been caregivers, and those who will need caregivers
Are caregivers less susceptible to diseases of old age?
No
What is morally, physically, and spiritually challenging?
Caregiving
When a person is diagnosed with a dementia disease, the two people added to the roster of this epidemic disease are who?
The one with the disease and the caregiver
Does dementia disease differ from person to person?
Yes
Do individuals, communities, friends, and more respond differently to the disease diagnosis?
Yes
The professor says “In chronicity, we aren’t so good…no one brings a what?”
Casserole
Does dementia affect the economy including Medicare, Social Security, businesses, and more?
Yes
How much money in billions did Alzheimer’s and other dementias cost the US in 2021? It is projected to potentially reach 1 trillion in 2050.
123, 423, 321, 324
321 billion
Does dementia already cost the American family billions of dollars?
Yes
Is dementia part of normal aging?
No
What is the leading risk factor for most chronic illnesses of old age including Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia diseases?
Aging
Your brain reconstructs your what on demand, although it might be different as assembly is influenced by your current situation and might be built with different neurons?
Memories
What is one area of the brain that can grow new brain cells and is also the first area to degenerate in an Alzheimer’s pateint?
Hippocampus
As we age, our brains naturally what, leaving about an inch of spare room in our 70s?
Shrink
Is dementia a symptom of a disease?
Yes
Dementia is a disabling blank impairment?
Cognitive
What is the most common disease to have dementia as a symptom? Others include FTD, Lewy Body Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias.
Alzheimer’s Disease
While 80% of adults have at least one chronic health condition, how many have two or more?
68%
Match the percentages with the chronic health condition: 58%, 47%, 31%, 29%, 27%, 18%, 14%, 14%, and 11%
High cholesterol, high blood pressure (hypertension), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, coronary heart disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CDK), heart failure, and arthritis
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): 58%
High Cholesterol: 47%
Arthritis: 31%
Coronary Heart Disease: 29%
Diabetes: 27%
Chronic Kidney Disease: 18%
Heart Failure/Depression: 14%
COPD: 11%
The changes that take place in the brain during dementia start on a what scale long before the first signs of MCI and/or other symptoms show up?
Microscopic`
What are the four executive functions (M2T2)?
Money, transportation, medication, and technology (if already aware)
What is considered the problem with Alzheimer’s in the presentation, while the onset of other issues just exacerbates the disease?
Losing our self-autonomy
Instrumental activities of daily living include executive functions such as managing what three things, as well as transportation?
Living space, finances, and medications
Activities of daily living are often used in disability and insurance what, which include walking, self-feeding, dressing, toileting, and personal hygeine?
Evaluations
Falls, fragility, incontinence, sleep disorders, weight loss/gain and malnutrition, epilepsy/seizures/myoclonic movements, delusions/delirium/hallucinations, oral disease, visual dysfunction, and hearing are all what of dementia?
Physical comorbidities
Does dementia affect more than just the five senses?
Yes
What is knowing where the body parts are and what they are doing?
Proprioception
What is the sense of feeling pain?
Nociception
What is the sense of sensing temperature?
Thermoception
What is the sense of sensing passage of time?
Chronoception
What is the sense of internal needs awareness such as hunger or thirst?
Interoception
Does dementia affect visuospatial abilities?
Yes
Difficulty driving, reading, recognizing faces, locating objects, depth perception, and increased risk of wandering are all effects of dementia on what abilities?
Visuospatial abilities
Do many people with dementia go undiagnosed?
Yes
Recognition of dementia is often delayed and/or acknowledged until a what crisis has occured?
Behavior crisis
It can take years to get an accurate what, especially in FTD as other diseases/conditions must be eliminated through testing?
Accurate diagnosis
Early assessment and what is needed to slow functional decline and delay or prevent memory care placement and help with future planning (medical, financial, legal, and support)?
Intervention
Brexipiprazole (Rexulti) is an example of what sort of drug?
Anti-psychotics, glutamate modulators, cholinesterase inhibitors, or combination of cholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate modulators
Anti-psychotics
Aricept, Exelon, and Razadyne is an example of what sort of drug?
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Namzaric is an example of what sort of drug?
Combination of cholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate modulators
Namenda is an example of what sort of drug?
Glutamate modulators
Are there more anti-amyloid treatments in research and clinical trials?
Yes
Donanemab (Kisulna), Lecanemab (Leqembi), and Aducanumab (Aduhelm) are examples of what? Which is discontinued?
Anti-amyloid treatments with aducanumab (Aduhelm) discontinued
What percentage of lifestyle-associated dementia risk can be attributed to 14 potentially modifiable risk factors, many of which develop earlier of life?
48, 45, 42, 50
45%
Next Generation (NextGen) Brain Health is a what research study exploring brain health in young adults aged 18-39 years?
International
The goal of NextGen is to identify risk and what factors for brain health that are most important in young adulthood, so that we can intervene and prevent future dementia?
Risk and resilience factors
We can advocate for improved dementia education and training in what health-related fields, as well as emergency and law fields?
All
For awareness and improved quality of what of dementia care in primary medicine, speciality medicines, social work, dentistry, ophthalmology, audiology, and health care facilities?
Care
To reduce hospital and emergency room what, to delay and sometimes avoid nursing home admissions?
Admissions
To educate who and change policy about dementia diseases?
Policy makers
To reduce the overwhelming what burden on the healthcare system, social systems, Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, families, businesses, individuals, and the economy?
Financial
For more effective what, additional research, and expanded clinical trials?
Medications
For more and affordable day care facilities and more memory care facilities that are purpose built with trained staff, especially in rural and economically what areas?
Disadvantaged
For better training, improved what ratios, and increased pay for those who interact and care for a vulnerable population?
Staffing
For who, tax credits and/or reimbursement for in-home caregiving, respite funds, more respite options, more support, and improved federal and state family leave policy?
Caregivers
Expanding reimbursing medical care into what?
Homes
Raise awareness of the what of palliative care and hospice care?
Benefits
Do the long-term effects of the pandemic continue?
Yes
In 2020, COVID-19 contributed to a what percentage increase in Alzheimer’s and dementia deaths?
16, 17, 18, 19
17%
Some of the most drastic changes from the pandemic were to dementia patients and to their caregivers, in the home or in care facilities. In 2024, care facilities continue to experience what shortages?
Staffing
Long term COVID-19 symptoms have been profound to include cognitive decline, overwhelming neurology what?
Providers
Due to COVID-19, everyone now has experience in “being stuck at home” with no help, lack of resources, and social what?
Isolation
