Delhi sultanate

Question 1

Alauddin Khalji (1296-1316)

Answer 1

1) Siri
2) First to issue coins that bear dates
3) Confiscated property of nobles, even big landlords had to pay taxes
4) Considered himself shadow of god; 5) prevented Ulema interference, secularized admin
6) Abolished Iqta, brought land under Khalsa
7) Imposed Jiziya
8) Amir khusaru
9) Market reforms - 4 markets, Shana i Mandi, Naib i Riyasat (market head), Diwan i Riyasat (market department), munhiyas
10) Dagh, Huliya (descriptive list of soldiers)
11) Gold Dinars popular
12) First Delhi sultan to order measurement of land, land revenue in cash. His land reforms paved way for Sher shah and Akbar
13) Alai Darwaja (gateway of Quewat ul Islam mosque) to Qutub minar
14) Banned liquor, public gatherings
15) Malik Mohammad Jayasi - Padmavat (Jauhar - self immolation).

Question 2

Court poets of Muhammad of Ghazni

Answer 2

Alberuni (Arabic) - Kitab i Hind
Firdausi (Persian) - Shah Nama

Question 2

Amir Khusaru 1253-1325

Answer 2

0) Father of Urdu literature
1) New ragas - gora and sanam
2) New musical instrument - sitar
3) New musical system - Qwalis (Hindu+Iranian), Khayal music, Gazal songs
4) New persian style poetry - Sabbaq i Hind
5) works - Tughlaq Nama (rise of Ghyasuddin Tughlaq) & Khazan ul Futuh (Alauddin’s conquests)

Question 3

Firoz Tughlaq

Answer 3

1) Mansur from caliph
2) First one to be appointed by nobles
3) Revived Iqta - made heriditary
4) Reimposed Jiziya - first to impose on Brahmins, separated it from land revenue
5) Taxes as per Islamic law
6) Irrigation tax, horticulture
7) Translation of scriptures from Jwalamukhi temple to Persian
8) Ragadarpan to Persian
9) Firozabad (Firoz shah Kotla) near Red fort
10) Diwan i khairat - Orphans, poor and destitute
11) Royal kharkhanas with imprisoned slaves. Diwan i Bandagan for wlfare of slaves.

Question 4

Ghiyasuddin Balaban aka Ulugh khan (1266-1287)

Answer 4

1) Sultan = god in earth
2) Diwan i Ariz (threat of Mongols), safety of roads, law & order
3) Sijada (act of submissiveness), Paibos (kissing monarch’s feet)
4) champion of Turkish nobility, denied Indians positions
5) Persian festival Nauroz

Question 5

Ghyasuddin Tughlaq

Answer 5

1) First to adopt title Ghazi (champion of faith)
2) Tughlaqabad
3) Turki i Firoz Shahi (Balaban to Firoz Tughlaq) by Ziauddin Barani
4) Ibn Battuta contemporary (of Mohammad Bin Tughlaq too)

Question 6

Iltutmish (1210-1236)

Answer 6

0) Delhi
1) Iqta
2) Finished Qutub minar - WHS, Red Sandstone, tallest stone tower in India; mosque at Ajmir
3) Mansur from Caliph
4) Denied asylum to Kwaziram ruler Mangabarani
5) Chahalganj
6) Silver tanka (Arab coinage in India)

Question 7

Mohdbin Tughlaq (1325-1351)

Answer 7

1) Devgiri/Dhaulatabad (Maharashtra)
2) Copper coins
3) Mansur from Caliph
4) Tomb of Ghyasuddin
5) Agriculture reforms - Diwan i amir kohi to bring uncultivated land into cultivation, Takkavi loans, model farm under state
6) Tolerant religious policy

Question 8

Qutubbudin Aibak (1206-1210)

Answer 8

1) Qutubi dynasty or Slave (Mamluk) dynasty
2) Lahore
3) Jiziya (first by Arabs in Sind)
4) Sultan
5) Qutub minar - Sufi saint khwaja Qutubuddin Bhaktiyar (contemp of Aibak & Iltutmish)
6) Lakh Baksh
7) Hasan Nizami
8) Chaugan (horse polo)

Question 9

Rajtarangini

Answer 9

Kalhana in Sanskrit (12th AD)