Delaet Reading

Question 1

What did the Vienna Declaration (1993) state?

Answer 1

the person is the central subject of human rights

Question 2

What is a communitarian?

Answer 2

believe that human beings perceive and experience humanity as members of groups

rejects the idea of autonomous individuals

Question 3

What are human rights viewed as in liberal democratic nations?

Answer 3

individual rights

Question 4

What is the difference between moral and legal entitlments?

Answer 4

Moral - rights claimed on moral grounds

Legal - makes states obligated only to protect/provide rights consented by law

Question 5

What is a religious justification?

Answer 5

Human rights are based on the belief that a supreme being is the ultimate moral authority whose mandate overrides the state

Question 6

What is the Natural Rights Theory? Who made it?

Answer 6

human beings in a ‘state of nature’ lived in absolute freedom

when you come together to form institutions, you voluntarily gave up freedom for the security of the community

Made by John Locke

Question 7

What is utilitarianism in regards to HR?

Answer 7

basic rights should be derived from a consideration of general welfare

Question 8

What is the general happiness principle? Who made it?

Answer 8

the morality of a policy will be determined by the greatest good for the greatest number

anyone may have to accept sacrifices if the benefits yield to others outweigh sacrifices

Question 9

the process of defining human rights is ________?

Answer 9

inherently political

Question 10

What does marxism believe about human rights?

Answer 10

human rights do not advance the economic well-being of marginalized people, it rather serves to reinforce power of economic elites

Question 11

What is Positivism?

Answer 11

points to the law and not moral principles are the ultimate source of human. rights

there is no law moral law the transcends the authority of the state

Question 12

What are first generation rights? What is the name?

Answer 12

Civil and Political Rights

Liberte

ex. right to property, freedom of speech

Question 13

What are second generation rights?

Answer 13

Economic and social rights

Egalite

ex. right to work, right to education

Question 14

What is third generation rights?

Answer 14

Solidarity rights

Fraternite

ex. self determination, right to a healthy environment

Question 15

What rights do the soviet believe is more important?

Answer 15

they believe that it is not possible to pursue civil rights simultaneously with economic, that neither should be given priority