Del 1 Flashcards
Mental illness
Within the pathology psychological approach, refers to a variety of problems that people may have. A catch-all term for someone having severe psychological problems, as in “he is suffering from mental illness.”
Positive psychology
The science and applications related to the study of psychological strengths and positive emotions.
Reality negotiation
The ongoing processes by which people arrive at agreed-upon worldviews or definitions.
Social constructions
Perspectives or definitions that are agreed upon by many people to constitute reality (rather than some objectively defined “truth” that resides in objects, situations, and people).
Collectivism
A cultural value that prizes the concepts of sharing,
cooperation, interdependence, and duty to the group. A perspective in which the needs of the group are placed above the needs of the individual.
Compassion
An aspect of humanity that involves looking outside oneself
and thinking about others as we care for and identify with them. In positive psychology, compassion requires (1) that the difficulty of the recipient be serious; (2) that the recipient’s difficulties are not self-inflicted; and (3) that we, as observers, are able to identify with the recipient’s suffering.
Enlightenment
A human’s capacity to transcend desire and suffering and
to see things clearly for what they are.
Harmony
A state of consensus or balance. Eastern traditions view
harmony as essential to happiness.
Hope
As defined by Snyder, goal-directed thinking in which a person has the perceived capacity to find routes to desired goals (pathway thinking) and the requisite motivations to use those routes (agency thinking). Snyder
believes that hope is not genetically based but an entirely learned and
deliberate way of thinking.
Individualism
A cultural value that emphasizes individual achievement, competition, personal freedom, and autonomy. A perspective in which the
needs of the individual are placed above the needs of the group
Emotional well-being
A type of well-being consisting of perceptions of affirmed happiness and satisfaction with life, along with a balance of positive and negative affect.
Flourishing
A term pertaining to individuals who have simultaneously
high levels of social, emotional, and psychological well-being
Languishing
A term pertaining to individuals who do not have a mental
illness but who are low in social, emotional, and psychological well-being
Life satisfaction
A sense of contentment and peace stemming from small gaps between wants and needs
Psychological well-being
A type of well-being that consists of six
elements: self-acceptance, personal growth, purpose in life, environmental mastery, autonomy, and positive relations with others
