del 1 Flashcards
Japanese encephalitis is transmitted by:
- mosquitos
Reservoirs of leptospira are:
- rodents
Aujeszky disease is always fatal for:
- dog
Rinderpest is caused by:
- morbillivirus
way of avian onfluenza transmission:
- inhalation
Enzootic pneumonia in swine is caused by:
- swine vesicular disease
Marek disease is caused by:
- mardivirus, gallid herpesvirus 2
a herpesvirus
susceptible species in mycobacteriosis:
- all vertebrates including man
causative agent of oedema disease in pigs:
- hemolytic E. coli
Cats and dogs are born:
- hypogammaglobulinemic
What are the grades of epizoological process?
- sporadic, enzootic, epizootic, panzootic
FAO is an abbreviation for:
- food and agriculture organization
Which staining method is used for microscopic detection of brucella:
- Stamp staining, a modified version of Ziehl-Neelsen staining
half time of maternal antibodies is:
- period in which 50% of antibodies is declined
hyperimmune serum application is:
- artificial passive immunisation
In complement fixation test - positive result is:
- no hemolysis
What are stages of infectious process?
- Incubation = from time of exposure to clinical signs
- Prodromal = unspecific signs of infection
- Manifestation = specific clinical signs
- Remission = recovery or death
What are objects of study in epizootology?
- study of diseases and how antibody and antigen work
What is the cytopathic effect in cell cultures:
- any changes of the cells after viral infection
- destruction of the cells after virus infection
Abortive infection is:
- infection disappearing after prodormal period
Division of etiological agents according to their pathogenicity:
- Obligate
- Facultative
- Apathogenic
Risk assesment in epizootology:
- pathogenicity
- mode of transportation
- hosts
- if the pathogen is zoonotic
- mortality
What are the advantages of real-time PCR comparing with classical PCR?
- faster answer
- easier
What are the main reagents in ELISA test?
- antigen
- antibody
- chromogen
- enzyme
Which medium is used for cultivation of salmonella?
- MacConkey agar
Which methods is used for microscopic detection of fungi?
….
What sample is taken for rabies diagnosis?
- Brain
Division of the media used for cell culture:
- liquid, solid
In blocking ELISA positive result is?
- no color change
Facultative pathogens:
bacteria:
- salmonella
- staphylococcus spp.
- listeria spp.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
animal notifiable diseases are reported to:
- world organization for animal health
Stages of epizootic process:
- Interepizootic,
- preepizootic,
- ascending,
- culmination,
- descending
- and postepizootic stage
What is epizootiological triad?
- Animal populations,
- etiological agents
- and environmental factors
What is the role of colostral immunity?
- Protection against septicaemia and organ infection
- Local protection of intestine
- GIT multiplication of bacteria
What clinical signs indicate failure of passive transfer of immunity?
In 3-5 days old animals
- Profuse diarrhoea and dehydration
- Respiratory or systemic infections
What is the principle of AGID (agar gel immunodiffusion) test?
- When antigen and specific antibodies combine they form a precipitate seen as visible line, indicating a positive test
- Incubation for 24 hours
Epizootology is the science of?
- the origin and spread of diseases
- develops the most effective methods of prevention and supression of infectious diseases of animals
What is virulence?
- the ability of the germ of a microorganism to penetrate into a macrophage, and reproduce
- degree of pathogenicity (invasiveness, infectivity, and pathogen potetial)
What types of ICH course do you know?
- peracute, acute, subacute, chronic
monotropic etiological agents are?
- affinity of etiological agents only to a certain tissue, organ
explain the term “morbidity”
- percentage representation of sick individuals from the total number of individuals
Explain the term “lethality”
- percentage representation of dead individuals from the total number of individuals
According to tropism, pathogenic microbes can be:
- monotropic
- polytropic
- pantropic
Hidden infection without clinical symptoms, morphological and immune changes is called?
- latent infection
Characterize general infectology:
- investigates the pathogenesis of the course and manifestation of individual infectious diseases of animals
name the mechanisms of transmission of ICH agents
- oro-fecal,
- air-droplet,
- transmissive,
- transmission of infections through external pores
Name entry gates in the infectious process
- digestive tract
- respiratory tract
- skin
- urogenital tract
- mammary gland
- conjunctiva
- navel
Panzoocia is:
- Characterized by the highest degree of Epizootic Process intensity.
- In which ICH is spread over huge territorial units, including several countries, a continent, or several continents
- the morbidity is extremely high.
It is not allowed in the laboratory to…
- drink, eat, smoke
Ziehl-Neelsen staining is used for:
- Mycobacteria
Which enzyme is used most often in enzyme immunoassay?
- trypsin
Division of cell cultures according to the method of cultivation?
- single layer and stable
Name the main components of PCR:
- Thermostable DNA polymerase,
- Buffer solution,
- Primers,
- Template DNA.
An immunodeficient state during immunoprophylaxis can be pointed out by:
- Insufficient immune response,
- occurrence of disease after the use of attenuated live vaccines
The international abbreviation OIE is:
- International Bureau of Animal Diseases
Therapy must not be performed at:
- Foot and mouth disease
What is a substrate for peroxidase?
- Hydrogen peroxide
Cause of dermaphytoses?
- It is a disease that causes mold … so spores, hyphae circle
What happens with a positive reaction of HIT?
- There is sedimentation of blood cells in the shape of a button
The unit of plaque formation is?
- 1 virion
Natural active immunization is:
- When an individual develops immunity under natural conditions.
- i.e. as a result of overcoming the relevant disease. Such immunity is called post-infectious.
