Dehydration of alcohols

Question 1

What are the two catalysts that can be used to dehydrate alcohols

Answer 1

Sulfuric acid or Phosphoric acid

Question 2

What type of mechanism is the dehydraiton of alcohols

Answer 2

Elimination

Question 3

After the mechanism has occurred, what two further processes need to happen before the alcohol can be classed as pure

Answer 3

Distillation
Further separation with a separating funnel and drying agent

Question 4

How do you heat the alcohol for distillation and why

Answer 4

Using an electric heating mantle
Because alcohols are flammable

Question 5

What are the three steps in making cyclohexene from cyclohexanol

Answer 5

Distillation, Separation and purification

Question 6

Explain the distillation step in making cyclohexene from cyclohexanol

Answer 6

Heating mantle heat cyclohexanol with sulfuric acid up to 83 degrees c and pass through a condesning tube to collect cyclohexene at the bottom

Question 7

Explain the separation step in making cyclohexene from cyclohexanonl

Answer 7

Add to a separating funnel and add water to dissolve soluble impurities
Two layers form top layer is impure cyclohexene bottom layer is aqueous solution which can be drained off

Question 8

Explain the purification step in making cyclohexene from cyclohexanol

Answer 8

Add Anhydrous CaCl2 - drying agent - to cyclohexene in a round bottomed flask to remove any aqueous impurities remaining. Invert and leave for 20-30 minutes