Dehydration

Question 1

Fluid loss from intracellular and/or interstitial spaces, occasionally vascular spaces. Loss of total body water?

Answer 1

Dehydration

Question 2

Causes of dehydration?

Answer 2

inadequate water intake, excessive fluid loss from V+ and D+, polyuria without polydipsia, peripheral edema

Question 3

Signs of dehydration

Answer 3

• decreased skin turgor
• tacky or dry mucous membranes
• sunken eyes

Question 4

Dehydration measured

5-15%

Answer 4

10-12% dehydrated

-inc CRT, pale gums, volume depletion, shock may occur

Question 5

Dehydration signs

Answer 5

<5% - subclinical
7 = mild
11 = moderate
13 = severe

Question 6

hypovolemic shock

Answer 6

loss of fluid volume from the vascular space –> poor O2 to tissues

Question 7

Calculating dehydration deficit

Answer 7

• dehydration deficit - LITERS (% dehydrated x BW in kg)
• daily maintenance (40-60 ml/kg/day; fever add extra 15-20 ml)
• ongoing fluid loss (3rd spacing; use same number as maint)