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degenerative joint disease Flashcards

1
Q

aka for degenerative joint disease

A

osteoarthritis

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2
Q

changes to the joint

A

osteoarthritis

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3
Q

a bony juxta-articular growth or nodule

A

osteophytes

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4
Q

conversion of bone into a hard, ivory like mass

A

eburnation

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5
Q

bony overgrowth in the osteoarthritis

A

spurring and lipping

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6
Q

inflammation of the synovium

A

synovitis

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7
Q

vertical clefts in the cartilage

A

fissures

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8
Q

a disorder that occurs in the synovial joints and results in progressive degeneration of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone

A

osteoarthritis

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9
Q

what kind of joints are affected by osteoarthritis

A

synovial

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10
Q

age, genetics, nutrition, hormones, bone density, and inflammation are what kind of factors to osteoarthritis

A

systemic

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11
Q

excessive/reduced joint use, muscle weakness, joint deformity, pre-existing articular disease, and immobilization are what kind of factors to osteoarthritis

A

local

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12
Q

gender-age connection, obesity, altered biomechanics, and acute trauma are what kind of factors to osteoarthritis

A

extrinsic

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13
Q

when are men more likely affected by osteoarthritis

A

younger age

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14
Q

when are women more likely affected by osteoarthritis

A

middle age and older

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15
Q

abnormal stress on cartilage leads to more susceptibility to what kind of disruption

A

mechanical disruption

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16
Q

as cartilage wears, what happens to the underlying bone

A

becomes fissured and thickened

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17
Q

stage of cartilage degeneration wherein fine flakes of superficial cartilage become loosened and flake off

A

fibrillation

18
Q

what appears during cartilage degeneration that eventually run through the full thickness of the cartilage, and potentially to the bone

A

fissures

19
Q

during cartilage degeneration, synovial fluid may be forced into fissures that appear in the bone’s surface, producing cysts

A

synovitis

20
Q

how does osteoarthritis present when first developing

A

nearly asymptomatic

21
Q

abnormal ROM/biomechanics result in what two problems

A

decreased joint nutrition, repetitive abnormal stress to joint surface

22
Q

stage of osteoarthritis: no inflammation or pain, repeated stresses to load bearing portions of articular cartilage, may last years

A

mild

23
Q

stage of osteoarthritis: more pronounced breakdown of articular surfaces, progression leads to fibrillation, synovitis, fissures

A

moderate

24
Q

stage of osteoarthritis: increased inflammation, capsule and ligament laxity, fissures extend to the subchondral bone, eburnation, pain, osteophytes, lipping/spurring

A

severe

25
Q

how do osteophytes affect ROM

A

severe restriction, may also affect surrounding tissues

26
Q

how do altered joint capsules affect ROM

A

chronic inflammation can lead to thickening, adhesions, contracture

27
Q

a method of classifying the severity of knee osteoarthritis from grade 0-4

A

kellgren and lawrence system

28
Q

grade of kellgren and lawrence system: no radiographic features of osteoarthritis are present

A

0

29
Q

grade of kellgren and lawrence system: doubtful joint space narrowing and possible osteophytic lipping

A

1

30
Q

grade of kellgren and lawrence system: definite osteophytes and possible joint space narrowing on anteroposterior weight-bearing

A

2

31
Q

grade of kellgren and lawrence system: multiple osteophytes, definite joint space narrowing, sclerosis, possible bony deformity

A

3

32
Q

grade of kellgren and lawrence system: large osteophytes, marked joint space narrowing, severe sclerosis, definite bone deformity

A

4

33
Q

common osteoarthritis location: stiffness, radicular or nonradicular pain, osteophytes may cause neurovascular compression

A

cervical spine

34
Q

common osteoarthritis location: lower back pain and stiffness, muscle spasm, limited ROM, radicular symptoms, spinal stenosis

A

lumbar spine

35
Q

common osteoarthritis location: most common in older men, insidious onset, localized to the groin, reduced ROM, leg may be held in external rotation with hip flexed and adducted, limp or shuffling gait

A

hip

36
Q

common osteoarthritis location: localized discomfort with pain or motion, limited ROM, crepitus, quadriceps atrophy, joint instability, genu varus/valgus, joint effusion

A

knee

37
Q

common osteoarthritis location: tenderness at the base of the thumb, squared appearance to joint

A

cmc1

38
Q

common osteoarthritis location: occurs more frequently in women, usually involves multiple joints, lateral flexor deviation of joint, pain and discomfort after use, spur formation of joint margins

A

pips and dips

39
Q

osteoarthritis in PIPs

A

bouchard’s nodes

40
Q

osteoarthritis in DIPs

A

heberden’s nodes

41
Q

common osteoarthritis location: insidious, irregular joint contour, pain and swelling aggravated by tight shoes

A

mtp1

MSK (10 decks)

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