Deformities & Fancy named stuff Flashcards
Floating Palate (Horizontal)
Horizontal maxillary fracture, separating the
teeth from the upper face
Fracture line passes through the alveolar ridge,
lateral nose and inferior wall of the maxillary sinus
SLAP Lesion
Superior Labral Anterior Posterior (SLAP) tears
- Insertion of long head of biceps brachii tendon
- MOI : FOOSH
- Uncommonly associated with shoulder
instability
Floating Maxilla (Pyramidal)
Pyramidal fracture
Fracture arch passes through the posterior
alveolar ridge, lateral walls of maxillary sinuses,
inferior orbital rim and nasal bones
Uppermost fracture line can pass through the
nasofrontal junction or the frontal process of the maxilla
Galeazzi Fracture
Fracture distal Radius + Distal Radioulnar
dislocation
- MOI: FOOSH with elbow in flexion
- Mainly children (aged 9-12 y/o); 7% of adults
forearm fractures
Floating Face (Transverse)
Craniofacial disjunction
Transverse fracture line passes through
nasofrontal suture, maxillo-frontal suture, orbital
wall, & zygomatic arch/zygomaticofrontal suture
Involvement of the zygomatic arch: Risk of the
temporalis muscle impingement
Jefferson’s Fracture
Burst fracture of the Atlas (C1)
- Can be 4 parts (picture), 3 parts or 2 parts.
- MOI: Axial load (ie: Diving in shallow water)
Bankart Fracture
Fracture of anteroinferior glenoid
- MOI: Complication of anterior GH dislocation
Hangman’s Fracture
Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the Axis (C2):
Fracture of bilateral pars interarticularis
- MOI: Hyperextension + Distraction
What are the 3 LeFort Fracture Classifications
I. Floating Palate (Horizontal)
II. Floating Maxilla (Pyramidal)
III. Floating Face (Transverse)
Hill-Sachs lesion
Posterolateral humeral head depression
fracture (Impaction)
- MOI: Following anterior glenohumeral
dislocation
Monteggia Fracture
Fracture of Ulnar shaft + Radial head dislocation
- MOI: FOOSH
- Mainly in children (aged 4-10 y/o)
Bankart Lesion
Anteroinferior aspect of the glenoid labrum
- MOI: Anterior shoulder dislocation
- Frequently associated with a Hill-Sachs lesion
MUGGER
MU
Monteggia: Ulnar Fx w/dislocation of radial head
MonteggiA : A is proximal, bones affected proximally
GR
Galeazzi: Radius fx w/dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint
GaleaZzi: Z is distal, bones affected distally
Colles Fracture
Fracture of distal radius with dorsal angulation
and impaction
- MOI: FOOSH
Cyclist’s Palsy
Entrapment of Ulnar nerve in Guyon’s canal
- MOI: Handlebar compression in cyclist,
ganglion cyst or hook of hamate fracture
Bennet Fracture
Fracture base of 1st metacarpal
- Often displaced due to retraction of abductor
pollicis longus
- MOI: Forced thumb Abduction
Smith’s Fracture
- Fracture of distal radius with volar angulation
of the distal fragment - MOI: Fall on flexed wrist
Boxer’s Fracture
Fracture of the neck of the 5th metacarpal
- Most common type of metacarpal fracture
- MOI: Impaction injury for a direct blow with a
clenched fist
Mallet Finger
Avulsion of extensor tendon at the level of the
DIP
- May be combined with an avulsion fracture
- MOI: Sudden flexion in sport or crush injury
- Inability to extend DIP and resting in slight flex
Rolando Fracture
3 parts or comminuted intra-articular fracture
of the base of 1st metacarpal
- Often displaced due to retraction of abductor
pollicis longus
- MOI: Axial blow to a partially flexed thumb
Dupuytren’s Contracture
Firm nodularity on the palmar surface of the
hand with combining cords of soft tissue on the
webs and digits
- Progressive condition that causes shortening
and thickening of the fibrous tissues of the palmar
fascia
- No known reason or MOI
Jersey Finger
Avulsion of flexor digitorum profundus at the
level of DIP
- MOI: Sudden hyperextension of actively flexed
finger
- Most commonly on 4th digit
De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis
Stenosing tenosynovitis of first extensor tendon
compartment of the wrist (dorsal)
- Involves:
Abductor pollicis longus tendon
Extensor pollicis brevis tendon
- 2nd most common entrapment tendonopathy
- More common in females
- MOI: Overuse (Lifting infants, Secretarial
workers, Nursing workers)
Spondylolisthesis
- Bilateral fracture of pars interarticularis causing
slippage of one vertebra relative to the one below - MOI: can be genetic or due to hyperextension
of L-Spine (Gymnastic, football and weight lifting)
Lisfranc Injury
Lisfranc ligament: Medial cuneiform to the base
of the 2nd metatarsal on the plantar aspect of the foot
- MOI: Direct crush injury or indirect load onto a
plantarflexed foot
- Most common type of dislocation involving the
foot
Swan Neck deformity:
Presentation: hyperextension PIP + Flexion DIP
- Muscle imbalance
- MOI: Rheumatoid arthritis, Spasticity (Stroke,
Cerebral palsy) or Untreated mallet finger
Bowler’s Thumb
Traumatic neuropathy by chronic frictional
irritation of the digital ulnar nerve
- MOI: Long term pressure on the ulnar digital
nerve of the thumb
Spondylolysis
Unilateral OR Bilateral Pars interarticularis
stress fracture
- MOI: Repeated micro trauma
Bunionette
- Bony prominence at the 5th metatarsal head
- MOI: narrow/restrictive footwear or genetic
predisposition
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
- Idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral
epiphysis in children - Diagnosis of exclusion
- No clear predisposing factors
- Most commonly: Children will present with
atraumatic hip pain or limp
Maisonneuve Fracture
Fracture of proximal fibula + unstable ankle
injury (Torn tibiofibular syndesmosis, torn deltoid
ligament and/or fracture of medial malleoli)
- MOI: Pronation + External rotation of ankle
True or False, Hangman’s fracture is a unilateral pars interticularis fracture and is cause by an axial load
False (bilateral fx + MOI: Hyperextension & distraction)
True or False, a Smith’s fracture is a flexion fracture of the radius
True
Boutonniere Finger
Presentation: Flexion PIP + Extension DIP
- Rupture of central slip of extensor digitorum
tendon
- MOI: Inflammatory arthritis or trauma
(unspecified)
Bunion
Hallux valgus deformation; Bony prominence at
the 1st metatarsal head
- MOI: narrow/restrictive or heeled footwear
- Most common foot deformity; most common
in female
Mallet Toe
- Presentation: Flexion of DIP
- MOI: tight shoes causing tightening of flexor
digitorum longus
True or False, a galeazzi injury affects the distal radius+ulna
True
Claw Toe
- Presentation: Ext MTP + Flex PIP + Flex DIP
- MOI: tight shoes or high heels
Hammer Toe
Presentation: Ext MTP + Flex PIP + Ext DIP
- MOI: Rheumatoid arthritis, Stroke, tight shoes
True or False, Bennett’s fx results from an axial blow to a partially flexed thumb
False (Rolando fx)
