defintitions

Question 1

general formula

Answer 1

algebraic expression for family of molecules
e.g. alkanes = CHnH2n+2

Question 2

structural formula

Answer 2

Uses least detail as possible to show the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
e.g. CH3CH2CH2(CH3)2CH3

Question 3

skeletal formula

Answer 3

only shows bonds between carbons & functional groups

Question 4

molecular formula

Answer 4

shows number and types of atoms in a molecule e.g. C4H12O2

Question 5

empirical formula

Answer 5

simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule

Question 6

displayed formula

Answer 6

shows all atoms & bonds in a molecule

Question 7

Structural isomers

Answer 7

molecules with same molecular formula AND different structural formula.

Question 8

Bond fission

Answer 8

Breaking of a covalent bond

Question 9

heterolytic bond fission

Answer 9

one atom (most electronegative) takes both bonding electrons and becomes negative. The other atom becomes positive.

Question 10

homolytic bond fission

Answer 10

both atoms gain 1 electron each from the bonding pair. Both end up with a signal unpaired electron.

Question 11

free radical

Answer 11

an atom with an unpaired electron

Question 12

homologous series

Answer 12

family of molecules with the same functional group and each subsequent molecule differs by CH2

Question 13

aromatic compounds

Answer 13

have benzene ring

Question 14

aliphatic compounds

Answer 14

straight chain molecules

Question 15

alicyclic compounds

Answer 15

cyclic chain

Question 16

stereoisomerism

Answer 16

same structural formula AND different arrangement of atoms in space (around a carbon double bond)