Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HaDPop > Defintions > Flashcards

Defintions Flashcards

0
Q

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

A

Number of live births per 1000 population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Census

A

Simultaneous recording of demographic data be the government at a particular time pertaining to all the persons who live in a particular territory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

General Fertility Rate (GFR)

A

Number of live births per 1000 females aged 15-44 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Total [Period] Fertility Rates (TPFR)

A

Average number of children that would be born to a hypothetical woman in her life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fecundity

A

Physical ability to reproduce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fertility

A

Realisation if the potential to reproduce (fecundity) as births

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Crude Death Rate

A

Number of deaths per 1000 population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Age-Specific Death Rate

A

Number of deaths per 1000 in a particular age group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mortality Rate

A

Special case of an incidence where the event is death rather than onset of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Standardised Mortality Rate (SMR)

A

Compares observed number of deaths with the expected number if age-sex distribution of populations were identical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Point Prevalence

A

Number of sufferers compared to the number at risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Random variation

A

Influences what we observe including epidemiological data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Systematic variation

A

Variation that could be attributed to a new risk factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hypothesis

A

Statement that an underlying tendency of scientific interest takes a particular quantitative value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Comparative studies

A

Comparing risk in one group of people (cohort) with another group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cohort

A

Defined group of people with known exposure or personal characteristics

16
Q

Internal Cohort Study

A

Subdividing levels of exposure and comparing the groups (IRR)

18
Q

External Cohort Study

A

Reference the cohort to the population (SMR)

19
Q

Confounder

A

Something that is associated with both the outcome and the exposure of interest, but is not on the causal pathway between exposure and outcome

20
Q

Hypothesis

A

Statement that an underlying tendency of scientific interest takes a particular quantitative value

21
Q

Null hypothesis

A

No relationship between exposure and outcome

22
Q

P value

A

Probability of obtaining a test statistic

23
Q

Bias

A

Deviation of the results from the truth via certain processes, seen in epidemiology

24
Q

Selection Bias

A

Error due to systematic differences in the ways in which the two groups were collected (allocation bias, healthy worker effect)

25
Q

Information Bias

A

Error due to systematic misclassification of subjects in the group (recall bias, publication bias)

26
Q

Healthy Worker Effect

A

Biasing of the results when a study involves workers/employed individuals compared to a reference population - employed individual is more likely to be healthy

27
Q

Cause

A

Exposure of factor increases the probability of disease

28
Q

Necessary

A

The factor precedes the disease

29
Q

Sufficient

A

Factor causes disease on its own

30
Q

Epidemiology

A

Study of distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health populations

31
Q

Clinical Trial

A

Any form of planned experiment involving patients and is designed to elucidate the most appropriate method of treatment for future patients

32
Q

Placebo

A

Psychological benefit derived from being looked after, cared for, having a ‘new’ drug treatment etc.

33
Q

Clinical equipoise

A

Must be reasonable uncertainty or genuine ignorance about whether a treatment or its comparator is better

34
Q

Clinical equipoise

A

Must be reasonable uncertainty or genuine ignorance about whether a treatment or its comparator is better

35
Q

Meta-analysis

A

Quantitative synthesis of the results of 2 or more primary studies that addressed the same hypothesis the same way

HaDPop (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions