Defintiions Flashcards
Expansive period
Lower life expectancy
Enclosure act
privatizing land and ownership - leads to capitalism
Compensation
wages - leads to capitalism
Bouge
- Theory of “demographic regulation”
- Over time society naturally limits or increases its population
- Believes in the “baby boom” theory
- The earth’s population only grows in response to the earth’s ability to support a - larger population
- Over time, society naturally increases or limits its population
- Example: The Industrial Revolution, China’s One Child Policy
Cornucopian
- Someone who believes that continued progress and provision of material items for humankind can be met by advances in technology.
- There is enough energy and resources on earth to support the needs of the peaking growth of the population.
- Outer space will give humanity almost unlimited opportunity to grow.
- There is no historical evidence that humankind will run out of resources.
- Faith in human ability to find technological innovations to carry the increased capacity of the human population
Malthus
- Preventative Checks: Birth control, family/societal choices, abstinence would limit population growth rate
- Positive Checks: Natural factors that would regulate population size (war, famine, disease)
Catton
- Expansion of a Malthusian view
- “Phantom Carrying Capacity” population is using non-renewable resources to sustain themselves but there won’t be enough for future generations
“Overshoot” theory - Overshoot results in environmental damage and neo-Malthusian checks
- Pre transition, early transition
Demographic momentum
even if fertility rates are cut dramatically (even below replacement), the population will continue to grow rapidly because of low age and is not contributing to the death rate - cannot be stopped
Human capital
children being used as a source of money
Demographic trap
even if the fertility rates are cut the population will continue to grow rapidly because the population is too young to contribute to the death rate
Division of labor
work load distributed among the population
“kinderfeindlichkeit”
Social dislike of children
Birth dearths
fertility is below replacement level
Baby shock
-impacts cause Birth Dearth
-Not family oriented
-Impacts social life,work
- opportunities and money
Progress trap
progress that is very profitable and good in a short period of time, but will eventually lead to a disastrous ending.
Female Infanticide
Preference for male children has resulted in female infanticide/abandonment Causes of Female Infanticide: Poverty, Cultural biases favouring males, poor health care, “one child” policy (1979-2016)
The Bang
Conflict leads to war and nuclear annihilation and mass population loss and decline
The Whimper
Pollution, starvation, disease eventually reduce global population slowly and steadily
ethnocentrism
the attitude that one’s own group, ethnicity, or nationality is superior to others
carry capacity
a species’ average population size in a particular habitat
momentum growth
An economy with strong growth that is likely to continue
stationary pyramids
Stationary pyramid
Developed country
Industerlized
Longer life expectancy
Better education
Health care ( contraception)
Stable (stationary) population
Replacment fertility
average amount of kids per women
expansive pyramid
Child mortality
Younger country
Lower life expectancy
Low status of women
Poorer country - people rely on having children (financial assets)
Healthcare (contraception)
Agriculture economy (not well developed)
