Defintiions

Question 1

Expansive period

Answer 1

Lower life expectancy

Question 2

Enclosure act

Answer 2

privatizing land and ownership - leads to capitalism

Question 3

Compensation

Answer 3

wages - leads to capitalism

Question 4

Bouge

Answer 4

• Theory of “demographic regulation”
• Over time society naturally limits or increases its population
• Believes in the “baby boom” theory
• The earth’s population only grows in response to the earth’s ability to support a - larger population
• Over time, society naturally increases or limits its population
• Example: The Industrial Revolution, China’s One Child Policy

Question 5

Cornucopian

Answer 5

• Someone who believes that continued progress and provision of material items for humankind can be met by advances in technology.
• There is enough energy and resources on earth to support the needs of the peaking growth of the population.
• Outer space will give humanity almost unlimited opportunity to grow.
• There is no historical evidence that humankind will run out of resources.
• Faith in human ability to find technological innovations to carry the increased capacity of the human population

Question 6

Malthus

Answer 6

• Preventative Checks: Birth control, family/societal choices, abstinence would limit population growth rate
• Positive Checks: Natural factors that would regulate population size (war, famine, disease)

Question 7

Catton

Answer 7

• Expansion of a Malthusian view
• “Phantom Carrying Capacity” population is using non-renewable resources to sustain themselves but there won’t be enough for future generations
  “Overshoot” theory
• Overshoot results in environmental damage and neo-Malthusian checks
• Pre transition, early transition

Question 8

Demographic momentum

Answer 8

even if fertility rates are cut dramatically (even below replacement), the population will continue to grow rapidly because of low age and is not contributing to the death rate - cannot be stopped

Question 9

Human capital

Answer 9

children being used as a source of money

Question 10

Demographic trap

Answer 10

even if the fertility rates are cut the population will continue to grow rapidly because the population is too young to contribute to the death rate

Question 11

Division of labor

Answer 11

work load distributed among the population

Question 12

“kinderfeindlichkeit”

Answer 12

Social dislike of children

Question 13

Birth dearths

Answer 13

fertility is below replacement level

Question 14

Baby shock

Answer 14

-impacts cause Birth Dearth
-Not family oriented
-Impacts social life,work
- opportunities and money

Question 15

Progress trap

Answer 15

progress that is very profitable and good in a short period of time, but will eventually lead to a disastrous ending.

Question 16

Female Infanticide

Answer 16

Preference for male children has resulted in female infanticide/abandonment Causes of Female Infanticide: Poverty, Cultural biases favouring males, poor health care, “one child” policy (1979-2016)

Question 17

The Bang

Answer 17

Conflict leads to war and nuclear annihilation and mass population loss and decline

Question 18

The Whimper

Answer 18

Pollution, starvation, disease eventually reduce global population slowly and steadily

Question 19

ethnocentrism

Answer 19

the attitude that one’s own group, ethnicity, or nationality is superior to others

Question 20

carry capacity

Answer 20

a species’ average population size in a particular habitat

Question 21

momentum growth

Answer 21

An economy with strong growth that is likely to continue

Question 22

stationary pyramids

Answer 22

Stationary pyramid

Developed country
Industerlized
Longer life expectancy
Better education
Health care ( contraception)
Stable (stationary) population

Question 23

Replacment fertility

Answer 23

average amount of kids per women

Question 24

expansive pyramid

Answer 24

Child mortality
Younger country
Lower life expectancy
Low status of women
Poorer country - people rely on having children (financial assets)
Healthcare (contraception)
Agriculture economy (not well developed)

Question 25

Impacts of Growing Populations:

Answer 25

Resource exhaustion
Conflict over resources (oil, farmland, water etc.)
Immigration/emigration pressures
Waste production
Ecosystem pressure