Definitons related toexperimentalinvestigations

Question 1

Aim

Answer 1

the aim identifies the purpose of the experiment

Question 2

dependet variable

Answer 2

variable being tested and measured

Question 3

independent variable

Answer 3

variable that is being manipulated in the experimenet

Question 4

controlled variable

Answer 4

variable that remains constant throughout the whole experiement.

Question 5

hypothesis

Answer 5

an educated guess of what the results of the experiment will be.

Question 6

experimental group

Answer 6

the experimental groupis thegroup that recivesthe variable thatthe researchers are testing

Question 7

control group

Answer 7

a group in the experiment where the variable is not being tested and also acts as a baseline against which the results are compared to

Question 8

Qualitative data

Answer 8

data that is descriptive ratherthan numerical

Question 9

quantitative data

Answer 9

data that is represented numerically

Question 10

accuracy

Answer 10

the quality of the data being correct

Question 11

how toimprove the accuracyrof expierment

Answer 11

1. by increasing sample size which eliminates bias which interferes with accuracy
2. by reducing erros

Question 12

precision

Answer 12

the defree to whcirepeated measuremstn give tesame result

Question 13

how would you improve precision

Answer 13

1.repeat the experiment many times with the same method

Question 14

validity

Answer 14

is how well a method/experiment meausres what it has intended to measure

Question 15

reliability

Answer 15

refers to how consistently a method measures something

Question 16

repetition will only

Answer 16

determinethe reliabilty of theexperimetn not imporveit

Question 17

how to improve reliability of an experiment

Answer 17

use valid and reliable measuring tools and measure repeatdely.

Question 18

repeatabilty

Answer 18

measures the variation in measurements takenby a single instruememt or person under the sameconditions

Question 19

repeatidibiltiy

Answer 19

refers to whether an entirestudy or experiment can repeat on its own

Question 20

2 types of random errors

Answer 20

observational and enviornmental errors

Question 21

random observational errors

Answer 21

errors arise when the reading in the instrument is noted incorrectly.

Question 22

random enviornmetal errors

Answer 22

happens when some factor in the environment, such as an uncommon event, leads to error

Question 23

what do random errors affect

Answer 23

precision and reliabilty of the experiment

Question 24

Howwould you avoid/reduce impact onthe results of random erros

Answer 24

taking repeated measuremnts, large sample space and controlling extraneous variables.

Question 25

systematic error

Answer 25

error which causes the measurement to be wrong by the same amount each time.

systmeeiatic errors happen due to an issue in the method itself.

Question 26

Instrumental error

Answer 26

measurement instruments give inaccurate readings,

Question 27

systemtiatitc environemtal error

Answer 27

When the surrounding environment (such as a lab) causes errors in the experiment

Question 28

sysmteatic observational errors

Answer 28

when the measurement is consistnately read incorrectly

Question 29

what do systmeatic erros affect

Answer 29

the accuracy of a measurement, or how close the observed value is to the true value.

Question 30

outlier

Answer 30

value that is very differnetfrom all the other values in thedata set

Question 31

limitingfactor

Answer 31

a variable of the enviornement that is capable of limiting a process.