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As-Levels Physics > Definitions to remember > Flashcards

Definitions to remember Flashcards

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1
Q

definition of base unit

A

stand alone units from which other units are derived.

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2
Q

definition of a derived unit

A

products or quotients of base units

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3
Q

definition of scalar quantity

A

quantity that has magnitude only

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4
Q

definition of vector quantity

A

quantity that has magnitude and direction

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5
Q

definition of systemic error

A

an error that causes the readings to have a constant deviation from either sides of the actual readings.

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6
Q

definition of random error

A

an error that causes the readings to scatter around the mean value.

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7
Q

definition of distance

A

the total path traveled

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8
Q

definition of displacement

A

the shortest distance between the starting point and the end point.

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9
Q

definition of speed

A

the total distance traveled divided by the time taken

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10
Q

definition of velocity

A

the rate of change of displacement

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11
Q

definition of acceleration

A

the rate of change of velocity

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12
Q

definition of mass

A
  1. property of a body resisting changes in motion

2. quantity of matter in a body

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13
Q

definition of newtons first law

A

a body continues at rest or constant velocity unless acted upon by a resultant force

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14
Q

definition of newtons second law

A

the rate of change of momentum is proportional to the resultant force and is acting in the same direction as the resultant force.

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15
Q

definition of newtons third law

A

if body A exerts a force on body B, Body B will exert a force with an equal magnitude on body A but in opposite direction.

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16
Q

definition of momentum

A

product of mass and velocity

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17
Q

definition of principle of conservation of momentum

A

the total momentum of an isolated system of bodies is constant.

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18
Q

definition of force

A

rate of change of momentum

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19
Q

definition of conditions for equilibrium

A
  1. zero resultant force in any direction

2. zero resultant moment about any point

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20
Q

definition of center of gravity

A

the point on the body where the weight of the object is considered to act on.

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21
Q

definition of moment

A

the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the point of moment to the line of action of force.

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22
Q

definition of couple

A

a pair of parallel forces with the same magnitude but are opposite in directions and they are not in line.

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23
Q

Definition of torque

A

product of one of the force of a couple and the perpendicular distance between the pair of forces.

24
Q

definition of work done

A

the product of the force and the perpendicular distance of the force

25
Q

definition of energy

A

the ability to do work

26
Q

definition of power

A

the rate of work done

27
Q

definition of kinetic energy

A

energy an object has due to its motion

28
Q

definition of gravitational potential energy

A

energy a mass stored due to it position in a gravitational field

29
Q

definition of elastic potential energy

A

energy stored in a body due to its deformation

30
Q

definition of efficiency

A

useful output power divided by input power

31
Q

definition of density

A

mass divided by volume

32
Q

definition of pressure

A

product of force and area normal to the force

33
Q

Hooke’s Law

A

the extension is directly proportional to the force being applied given that it doesn’t exceed the limit of proportionality.

34
Q

definition of stress

A

force per unit cross-sectional area

35
Q

definition of strain

A

change in length per unit original length

36
Q

definition of the young modulus

A

stress divided by strain

37
Q

definition of amplitude

A

maximum displacement from equilibrium position

38
Q

definition of wavelength

A
  1. minimum distance between two points having the same displacement and moving in the same direction
  2. distance moved by a wave front during one period
  3. distance between two adjacent wave fronts
39
Q

definition of frequency

A
  1. number of oscillations per unit time

2. number of wavefronts moving through a point per unit time

40
Q

definition of period

A

time taken by a particle to complete one oscillation

41
Q

definition of intensity

A

rate of energy transfer per unit area

42
Q

definition of transverse wave

A

a wave on which the oscillation of particles are perpendicular to the direction of propagation

43
Q

definition of longitudinal wave

A

a wave on which the oscillation of particles are parallel to the direction of propagation

44
Q

definition of difrcation

A

spreading of a wave to its geometrical shadow when it passes through a slit.

45
Q

the principle of super position

A

whwn two or more waves meet at a point, the resultant displacement is the sum of the individual displacements of each wave.

46
Q

definition of Coherent sources

A

sources of waves with constant phase

47
Q

Definition of Electrical fields

A

a region in space where a charge experiences an electrical force .

48
Q

definition of charge

A

product of current and time

49
Q

definition of colooumb

A

ampere per second

50
Q

definiotn of volt

A

joule / coulomb

51
Q

definiotn of ohm

A

volt / ampere

52
Q

definition of potential fdifference

A

energy per unit charge converted from electrical energy to other forms of energy.

53
Q

definition of e.m.f

A

energy per unit charge converted from other forms of energy to electrical energy

54
Q

definition of resistance

A

the ratio of p.d to current

55
Q

Kircchof’s 1st law

A

the algebraic sum of currents at a junction is zero / the sum of current entering a junction is equal to the sum of current exiting the junction

56
Q

Kircchof’s 2nd law

A

in a close lop of circuit, the algebraic sum of potential difference is equal to the algebraic sum of e.m.f

As-Levels Physics (3 decks)

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