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Level 3 Physics > Definitions (TA3) > Flashcards

Definitions (TA3) Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a wave/wave motion?

A

periodic motion repeated at regular intervals, transferring energy from one point to another without any transfer of matter/the medium

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2
Q

what is an oscillation?

A

complete to-and-fro motion from one extreme position to the other extreme position, and back

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3
Q

what is a crest/preak of a wave?

A

highest point of a transverse wave

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4
Q

what is a trough of a wave?

A

lowest point of a transverse wave

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5
Q

what is a wavefront?

A

imaginery line joining all points of the waves that are in phase

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6
Q

what are transverse waves?

A

waves that travel in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration of particles

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7
Q

what are longitudinal waves?

A

waves that travel in a direction parallel to the direction of vibration of particles

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8
Q

what is a wavelength?

A

shortest distance between two points in phase on a wave

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9
Q

what is amplitude of a wave?

A

maximum displacement of a particle from the rest position in a wave

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10
Q

what is a period?

A

time taken for one complete oscillation/wave

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11
Q

what is frequency?

A

number of complete oscillations per unit time

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12
Q

what is an echo?

A

reflected sound heard as a separate sound after an interval of silence

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13
Q

what is a reverberation?

A

reflected sound that cannot be heard as a separate sound but which seems to just prolong the original sound

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14
Q

what is ultrasound?

A

sound frequencies above the upper hearing limit of the human range of audibility

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15
Q

what is infrasound?

A

sound frequencies below the lower hearing limit of the human range of audibility

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16
Q

what is an electromagnetic wave?

A

transverse wave that travel with the same speed in vacuum, the speed of light

17
Q

what is ionisation?

A

process whereby one or more electrons are removed from a neutral atom by the action of radiation

18
Q

what is a compression of a wave?

A

regions in a longitudinal wave where air pressure is slightly higher than the surrounding air pressure

19
Q

what is a rarefaction of a wave?

A

regions in a longitudinal wave where air pressure is slightly lower than the surrounding air pressure

20
Q

what is pressure?

A

force acting per unit area

21
Q

what is density?

A

mass per unit volume

22
Q

what is energy?

A

capacity to do work

23
Q

what is kinetic energy?

A

energy in the kinetic store of a body in motion

24
Q

what is gravitational potential energy?

A

energy in the gravitational store of a body due to its position relative to the ground

25
Q

what does the Principle of Conversation of Energy state?

A

energy cannot be created or destroyed
it can only be transferred from one store to another
the total energy in an isolated system is constant

26
Q

what is work done?

A

product of a force on an object and the distance moved in the direction of the force

27
Q

what is 1 joule?

A

work done by a force of one newton to move an object through a distance of one metre in the direction of the force

28
Q

what is power?

A

work done or energy transferred per unit time

29
Q

what is 1 watt?

A

work done or energy transferred of one joule per second

30
Q

what is efficiency?

A

ratio of useful energy output to total energy input

31
Q

what is renewable energy?

A

energy from sources that can be replenished naturally

32
Q

what is non-renewable energy?

A

energy from natural sources that cannot be replenished at a sustainable rate

33
Q

what is a derived quantity?

A

physical quantities derived from base quantities

Level 3 Physics (6 decks)

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