definitions of knowledge content Flashcards
what is acquaintance knowledge
knowing of something —> i know of the collge in godalming, i know of the colour yellow
what is ability knowledge
knowing how to do something —> i know how to ride a bike
what is prepositional knowledge
knowing that —> i know that london is in england
what is the full definition of prepositional knowledge
- knowledge of truth apt statements
- statements have a truth value so can be true or false
- JTB
what are the 2 types of knowledge according to Linda Zagzebski
1) real definitions
2) contingent statements
what are real definitions according to LZ
water
- tell us the nature of what a thing is
- analytic
- water is H20
what are contingent definitions according to LZ hint = rich example
- tell us what a thing is dependant on context and in relation to others
- comparative, contingent, synthetic
- if someone is rich it depends who they are being compared to
why might a definition not be a good one
- ad hoc
- circular
- negative
- obscure
ad hoc definition
- modified definitions that avoid an objection
negative definition
- saying what something is not rather than what it is
circular definition
- using the same term in the definition of the word
—> justice is when a just act occurs
obscure definition
- unnecessarily using terms more complex than the one being defined
what are necessary conditions —> used to determine the definition of something
- minimal requirement that is needed for something to be the case but when alone, it isnt enough for it to be the case
—> UV light is needed for photosynthesis
what are sufficiant conditions —> used to determine the definition of something
- enough for something to be the case but not always needed for it to be the case
—> the sun is needed for photosynthesis to occur in plants but it isnt always needed, UV can also be obtained from UV lights underground
what are the 5 definitions of knowledge
- JTB/Tripartite
- No false lemmas
- Infallibilism
- Reliabilism
- Virtue epistemology
What is the Tripartite definition of knowledge?
Does it reach the right conclusion with the Gettier case (that it doesnt count as knowledge)?
What are issues with this definition?
- JTB
- No, it would count —> can describe knowledge well and may be good enough
- Gettier Cases