Definitions of abnormality Flashcards
what does statistical deviation mean ?
occurs when individual has less statistically common characteristic being more depressed
what is deviation from social norms?
standards that are set include morals/exceptations of social group and if broken seen as anti-social plus abnormal by others
what does antisocial personality disorder mean?
failure to conform to lawful and culturally normative ethical behaviour
what does failure to function adequately mean?
inability to cope with day to day living this may cause distress and harmful behaviours eg- drinking
what may happen if you have depression?
can’t hold a job, problems with eating, failure to keep relationships
what does deviation from ideal mental health mean?
doesn’t meet a set criteria for good mental health
what are the list’s to ideal mental health?
no distress, rational perception of ourselves , self-actualisation , cope with stress , good self esteem plus lack of guilt
what are the 3 phobias characteristics people may experience?
behavioural, emotional, cognitive
what are behavioural ways people may act to a phobias?
avoidant anxiety response - effort to avoid , high experiences of anxiety . plus disruption of functioning - response extreme eg avoiding the darkness
what are emotional ways in which people feel in phobias?
persistant excesive fear / fear from exposure to phobic stimuli due to the presence of the phobic object may cause panic attacks
what are cognitive ways in which people think and process phobias?
selective attention to the phobic stimulus - finds it hard to look away.
what are behavioural characteristics for depression?
shift in activity levels , sleep less, appetite lower or gain
what are emotional characteristics for depression?
low self esteem , anger towards others, sadness
what are cognitive characteristics of depression?
negative style thinking , reduced attention and concentration
what does cognitive behavioural therapy aim to do?
to identify irrational thoughts , replace negative thoughts to positive ones. discuss evidence for and against plus set homework such as record postive comments by others
what are the aims of rational emotive behavioural therapy?
challenege irrational thoughts through argument to question the logic of person’s thinking
what does OCD mean?
obbessions like recurring thoughts, images and compulsive behaviours like repetition of hand washing
what are the 2 behavioural characteristics of OCD?
complusions managed to reduce anxiety , repeatitive
what are 2 emotional thoughts of ocd?
anxiety, persistant and forbidden thoughts
how does neurotransmitter serotonin play a role in ocd?
regulates mood and lower levels of serotonin asscociated with mood disorders such as depression
what happens if you have high levels of dopamine?
it has symptoms of of ocd in particular with compulsive behaviours
if there is higher activity found in orbitofrontal cortex this leads to?
converts sensory information into thoughts and actions