Definitions of abnormalities Flashcards
Outline what is meant by statistical infrequencies.
A statistical infrequency is defined as being 2 or more standard deviations away from the mean.
What are the positives of statistical infrequencies as a definition of abnormality?
It’s objective and the same for everyone so therefore very reliable
It has useful practical applications particularly in educational psychology.
What are the negatives of statistical infrequencies as a definition of abnormality?
It’s too ‘black and white’
Not all abnormal behaviours are rare.
Outline what is meant by deviation from social norms
The behaviour goes against what others in society would deem ‘normal’
What are the positives of deviation from social norms as a definition of abnormality?
It takes into account cultural differences
Easy to intervene as they are defined by society
What are the negatives of deviation from social norms as a definition of abnormality?
It’s too subjective so it limits its validity
Norms change over time so it lacks temporal validity, ie. LGBTQ+ wasn’t accepted for a long time but is now
Outline what is meant by deviation from ideal mental health
6 categories - 1) Positive attitude towards oneself, 2) accurate perception of reality, 3) autonomy (ability to function independently) 4) resisting stress 5) self actualisation (reaching your full potential and 6) environmental mastery
What are the positives of deviation from ideal mental health as a definition of abnormality?
It’s refreshingly positive as it includes goals to improve upon
There are useful practical applications in therapy
What are the negatives of deviation from ideal mental health as a definition of abnormality?
The criteria is restricted and suggests most people are abnormal
Much of the criteria is not important in some cultures
Outline what is meant by failure to function adequately
Suggests that behaviour is abnormal if it prevents you from leading a normal life
Measured in 7 categories; 1) personal distress, 2) maladaptive behaviour (prevented from reaching goals), 3) unpredictability, 4) irrationality, 5) observer discomfort, 6) violation of moral qualities and 7) unconventionality
What are the positives of failure to function as a definition of abnormality?
It’s relatively easy to assess consequences
It’s more realistic and less ‘black and white’
What are the negatives of failure to function as a definition of abnormality?
It’s subjective
It isn’t culturally relative
