Definitions Match Up

Question 1

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

Drug action - the investigation into how the drug acts on the body or what the drug does to the body

Question 2

Pharmacology

Answer 2

The study of drugs

Question 3

Equilibrium

Answer 3

A drug being with the same concentration within the tissues as in the systemic circulation

Question 4

Distribution

Answer 4

The method of drug dispersion within the circulation, some drug molecules remain free while other bind to albumin

Question 5

Metabolism

Answer 5

The process of drugs being processed and broken down within the body

Question 6

Lipophilic

Answer 6

High affinity to lipid or fat

Question 7

Diffusion

Answer 7

Movement of molecules from an area of hig concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 8

First pass Effect

Answer 8

The process oral medications have to go through by passing through the GI tract and being metabolised within the liver

Question 9

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 9

Drug movement - the investigation into how the body acts/reacts on/ to the drug

Question 10

Drug

Answer 10

Any substance that when administered has a specific effect on the body

Question 11

Half life

Answer 11

Amount of time required for the concentration of drug in the blood to decrease by 50% due to metabolism and elimination

Question 12

absorption

Answer 12

The method of drug uptake and time taken to enter systemic circulation - this will vary according to the route taken eg IV faster than SC

Question 13

Elimination

Answer 13

The process of drugs and their breakdown products being expelled from the body

Question 14

Hydrophilic

Answer 14

High affinity to water

Question 15

Bioavailability

Answer 15

The amount of drug that reaches the circulation intact (unaltered)

Question 16

Protein bound

Answer 16

A certain amount of drug combining with albumin rendering it inactive

Question 17

Blood brain barrier

Answer 17

A Semi permeable membrane within a vital organ which prevents certain drugs being transported over it, however drugs that are lipophilic can cross it

Question 18

Metabolite

Answer 18

The product of the drug breakdown within the body, normally inactive but not in all cases

Question 19

Metabolite

Answer 19

The product of the drug breakdown within the body this is normally inactive but not in all cases.

Question 20

Phase 2 metabolism

Answer 20

The process of the metabolite being combined with an endogenous substrate to form a hydrophilic (and normally inactive) conjugate.

Question 21

Enterohepatic circulation:

Answer 21

The process of lipophilic drugs being resorbed from the gut and re-entering the circulation

Question 22

Therapeutic index

Answer 22

A ratio used to determine the potential risk of toxicity of a drug the higher the number the lower the risk

Question 23

Loading dose

Answer 23

A higher than normal initial dose to ensure the drug reaches a therapeutic level

Question 24

Effective dose

Answer 24

A dose within the therapeutic range

Question 25

Redistribution drug

Answer 25

Drug molecules are released into the circulation from tissues and move to other areas where tissues are less perfused

Question 26

Phase 1 metabolism

Answer 26

The process of a drug being broken down to form the metabolite

Question 27

Inactive

Answer 27

A drug which is no longer having an effect on the body

Question 28

Target issue

Answer 28

The place in the body that the drug is supposed to exert desired effect

Question 29

Therapeutic range

Answer 29

The array of doses a drug can be given at - if this is wide it is relatively safe drug. If it is narrow, it has a high risk of toxicity.

Question 30

Steady state

Answer 30

When the rate of administration is equal to the rate of elimination and peak and trough levels are more constant

Question 31

Toxic dose

Answer 31

The dose at which a drug is no longer safe to be given and the patient is likely to suffer significant adverse effects

Question 32

Plasma concentration

Answer 32

The strength of the drug within the circulation