Definitions - Exam

Question 1

Federation

Answer 1

The creation of a nation by uniting previously separate states, each of which retains some powers of self-government while ceding others to a national government. Australia became a federation in 1901 when the 6 colonies united.

Question 2

Federalism

Answer 2

A government system in which powers and responsibilities of government are divided between a national government and 2 or more state governments.

Question 3

Franchise + who is and is not entitled to franchise

Answer 3

The right to vote. Over 18, Australian citizens.

Disenfranchised: those of unsound mind, those with a prison sentence of more than 3 years.

Question 4

Exclusive, Residual and Concurrent powers

Answer 4

Exclusive: Power of only the Commonwealth to make laws. S52. Eg. Military, currency, external affairs.
Residual: Power of the states to make laws. Eg. Criminal law, education, health.
Concurrent: powers both the state and federal parliament can legislate for. Eg. Marriage. S109 - when federal and state law conflict, federal prevails.

Question 5

Models of representation

Answer 5

Mirror:Goverrnment should reflect society as a perfect representation of the people.
Trustee: people placing their trust with a representative, believing they will do what’s best.
Delegate: Representative follows instructions and views of the people, without exercising their own judgement to much degree.
Partisan: A whole party represents the people not just an individual.